What bad habits lead to. What are the causes of bad habits? How to get rid of bad habits. General mechanism of action of narcotic substances on the body

Each person has his own preferences and habits. They can be harmful or beneficial, bad or good. In this article we'll talk about the consequences of bad habits. You will also learn what exactly are bad hobbies.

Habit: general description

To begin with, it is worth talking about the concept of this expression. A habit is an activity that a person uses constantly. Some preferences haunt a person every minute of life.

Of course, all people have habits. Whether they are good or bad is decided solely by the owner. No one has the right to judge a person, but some individuals can be given good advice.

Bad human habits - what are they?

There are many preferences that can be called useless or bad. Let's try to look at the main ones. You will learn about the consequences of bad habits a little later.

Drug use

Perhaps one of the most dangerous habits that are considered bad is drug addiction. The use of certain substances that affect the brain and nervous system has an irreparable effect on general state body.

It is worth noting that like a person very dangerous. They are hard to get rid of, and getting used to them is almost instantaneous. A person can take simple pills or inject the drug into the blood using a syringe.

Drinking alcoholic beverages

Another bad habit is using alcoholic products. It is worth noting that a person suffering from such an illness almost always denies it. Addiction appears very quickly and accompanies a person throughout his life.

Alcoholism can be different. Such a habit always has one stage or another. Some people prefer to drink soft drinks large quantities, others drink moderately, but often. It is difficult to get rid of such a bad habit, but it can be done faster and easier than curing drug addiction.

Smoking tobacco

Another bad addiction is smoking. It is worth noting that recently there are much more women who are addicted than men. Cigarettes are a more harmless habit than drug addiction or alcoholism. However, it is quite difficult to give up such an addiction. It takes amazingness and desire.

The Ministry of Health is against bad habits such as smoking. Each pack of cigarettes contains pictures that show possible consequences such a passion.

Poor nutrition

There's another one bad habit, which can be called harmful. This unhealthy food used by humans. Many people are used to snacking on the run. Also some eat foods instant cooking, drink carbonated sweet water.

This habit is even more harmless than the previous ones. You can get rid of it easily, but only if you have strong desire change something in your life.

Useful habits

An alternative to the bad habits listed above will not only help you get rid of the latter, but will also significantly improve your health. There are also many good passions that can be identified. Let's look at a few of them.

Sports activities

Any is correct exercise stress has a positive effect on human health. Muscles begin to work, excess fat is burned and blood vessels are cleansed. Correct load will only happen if the right muscles are used. To do this, you can go to a specialized gym or do self-study this issue.

Drinking clean water

Surely every doctor will tell you what to drink clean water very helpful. A person should drink more than one liter of plain liquid per day. You cannot replace water with juices, tea or coffee.

Start your day with one glass of plain water, this will become a good habit for your well-being. Water will help recharge your batteries and awaken all your internal organs.

Proper nutrition

If you use proper food, then the result will not take long to arrive. The improvement in well-being will be almost immediate. At the same time, it is worth abandoning all junk food, which was described above. Give preference to vegetables, fruits and greens. Avoid baking and sweets.

By following this diet, you will feel much better. This will indicate that health is returning to normal.

What are the consequences of bad habits?

If you have certain bad addictions, then you need to know what consequences they can have. Perhaps, after a general introduction, you will begin to oppose bad habits.

Social degradation

Alcoholism and drug addiction are harmful addictions that can greatly affect your health. You may at first feel that this state no one notices. However, this is not at all true.

An alcoholic or drug addict can be kicked out of work quite quickly. As a result, a person may be left without a livelihood. Also, such individuals quickly lose good friends and miss out on useful contacts.

External changes

Bad habits can greatly influence a person's image. Drug addiction, alcoholism and smoking always have a negative impact on a person who ages faster, he develops wrinkles on his face and swelling.

If the person prefers poor nutrition and this is an inveterate bad habit, then the consequence of such addiction can be obesity. A person quickly gains weight and stores fat. With absence sports load external changes occur quickly and irreversibly.

Health problems

Bad habits and health are practically incompatible. If a person has bad addictions, then after a while he begins to feel much worse. When smoking tobacco, lung problems begin. Pneumonia or even cancer may develop. Alcoholism severely damages the liver and kidneys. If a person is a drug addict, then mostly the brain suffers, but all organs of the body are affected.

What can we say about pregnant women who have bad cravings. IN in this case there is an irreparable effect on the fetus.

How to get rid of bad habits?

The negative impact of bad habits on health has long been proven. If you decide to give up a bad addiction, then you need to start immediately. Don't make promises to quit harmful occupation tomorrow or next next week. Do it right now.

Enlist the support of loved ones and relatives. They will likely appreciate your efforts to become healthier. Give yourself the right attitude and stick to it. Nothing should stop you from achieving your goal.

Summary and conclusion

Now you know what consequences bad habits have. Try to get rid of them as quickly as possible. Of course, you cannot be in everything, but you need to strive for this. Prefer good habits all harmful. Only in this case will you always be able to

Introduction

Man is a great miracle of nature. The rationality and perfection of his anatomy and physiology, his functionality, strength and endurance. Evolution has provided the human body with inexhaustible reserves of strength and reliability, which are due to the redundancy of the elements of all its systems, their interchangeability, interaction, ability to adapt and compensate. Extremely large overall information capacity human brain. It consists of 30 billion nerve cells. The “pantry” of human memory is designed to store a huge amount of information. Scientists have calculated that if a person could fully use his memory, he would be able to remember the contents of 100 thousand articles. Soviet Encyclopedia, in addition, master the programs of three institutes and be fluent in six foreign languages. However, according to psychologists, a person uses only 30-40% of his memory during his life.

Nature created man for a long and happy life. Academician N. M. Amosov (1913-2002) argued that the safety margin of a person’s “structure” has a coefficient of about 10, that is, his organs and systems can carry loads and withstand stress approximately 10 times greater than those with that a person has to face in normal everyday life.

The realization of the possibilities inherent in a person depends on the lifestyle, on everyday behavior, on the habits that he acquires, on the ability to manage wisely potential opportunities health for the benefit of himself, his family and the state in which he lives.

However, it should be noted that a number of habits that a person can begin to acquire as early as school years and which he then cannot get rid of throughout his life, seriously harms his health. They contribute to the rapid consumption of a person’s full potential, premature aging and the acquisition of persistent diseases. Such habits primarily include smoking, drinking alcohol and drugs.

Alcohol

Alcohol, or ethanol, is a narcotic poison, it acts primarily on brain cells, paralyzing them. The narcotic effect of alcohol is manifested in the fact that the human body develops morbid addiction to alcohol. A dose of 7-8 g of pure alcohol per 1 kg of body weight is lethal for humans. According to World Organization health care, alcoholism annually claims about 6 million human lives.

Alcohol has a deep and long-lasting weakening effect on the body. For example, only 80 g of alcohol lasts for a whole day. Reception even small doses alcohol reduces performance and leads to fatigue, absent-mindedness, makes it difficult to correctly perceive events.

Some people think alcohol miracle cure, capable of curing almost all diseases. Meanwhile, specialist studies have shown that alcoholic drinks are in no way healing properties do not possess. Scientists have also proven that there are no safe doses of alcohol; already 100 g of vodka destroys 7.5 thousand actively working brain cells.

Alcohol is an intracellular poison that has a destructive effect on all human systems and organs.

Impairments in balance, attention, clarity of perception of the environment, and coordination of movements that occur during intoxication often become the cause of accidents. According to official data, 400 thousand injuries sustained while intoxicated are recorded annually in the United States. In Moscow, up to 30% of those admitted to hospitals with severe injuries are people who are intoxicated.

The effect of alcohol on the liver is especially harmful; with prolonged use, it develops. chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis of the liver. Alcohol causes (including in young people) disturbances in the regulation of vascular tone, heart rate, metabolism in the tissues of the heart and brain, irreversible changes cells of these tissues. Hypertonic disease, ischemic disease hearts and other lesions of cardio-vascular system It is twice as likely to cause death for those who drink alcohol than for non-drinkers. Alcohol has bad influence to the glands internal secretion and primarily on the gonads; decreased sexual function is observed in 1/3 of people who abuse alcohol. Alcoholism significantly affects the structure of population mortality.

Before you take a glass of alcohol, no matter who offers it, think: either you want to be healthy, cheerful, able to make your desires come true, or from this step you will begin to destroy yourself. Think and make the right decision.

Smoking

Tobacco smoking (nicotinism) is a bad habit that involves inhaling smoke from smoldering tobacco. We can say that this is a form of substance abuse. Smoking has bad influence on the health of smokers and others.

The active principle of tobacco smoke is nicotine, which almost instantly enters the bloodstream through the alveoli of the lungs. In addition to nicotine, tobacco smoke contains a large number of combustion products tobacco leaves and substances used during technological processing, they also have a harmful effect on the body.

According to pharmacologists, tobacco smoke, in addition to nicotine, contains carbon monoxide, pyridine bases, hydrocyanic acid, hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, ammonia, essential oils and a concentrate of liquid and solid products of combustion and dry distillation of tobacco, called tobacco tar. The latter contains about a hundred chemical compounds substances, including radioactive isotope potassium, arsenic and a number of aromatic polycyclic hydrocarbons - carcinogens.

It has been noted that tobacco has a harmful effect on the body, and primarily on the nervous system, first stimulating and then depressing it. Memory and attention weaken, performance decreases.

The mouth and nasopharynx are the first to come into contact with tobacco smoke. The temperature of the smoke in the oral cavity is about 50-60°C. To introduce smoke from the mouth and nasopharynx into the lungs, the smoker inhales a portion of air. The temperature of the air entering the mouth is approximately 40° lower than the temperature of the smoke. Temperature changes cause microscopic cracks in tooth enamel over time. Smokers' teeth begin to decay earlier than non-smokers' teeth.

Damage to tooth enamel contributes to the deposition of tobacco tar on the surface of the teeth, causing the teeth to become yellowish in color and the oral cavity to emit a specific odor.

Tobacco smoke is annoying salivary glands. The smoker swallows part of the saliva. Toxic substances smoke, dissolving in saliva, acts on the gastric mucosa, which can lead to end result to stomach and duodenal ulcers.

Chronic smoking is usually accompanied by bronchitis (inflammation of the bronchi with predominant defeat their mucous membrane). Chronic irritation from tobacco smoke vocal cords affects the timbre of the voice. It loses its sonority and purity, which is especially noticeable in girls and women.

As a result of smoke entering the lungs, the blood in the alveolar capillaries, instead of being enriched with oxygen, is saturated carbon monoxide, which, when combined with hemoglobin, excludes part of the hemoglobin from the process of normal respiration. Coming oxygen starvation. Because of this, the heart muscle suffers first of all.

Hydrocyanic acid chronically poisons the nervous system. Ammonia irritates the mucous membranes, reducing the resistance of the lungs to various infectious diseases, in particular to tuberculosis.

But the main negative effect on the human body when smoking is nicotine.

Nicotine is a strong poison. Lethal dose nicotine for a person is 1 mg per 1 kg of body weight, i.e. about 50-70 mg for a teenager. Death can occur if a teenager immediately smokes half a pack of cigarettes. According to WHO, 2.5 million people die from smoking-related diseases every year worldwide.

Let us note that, according to health experts, addiction to smoking tobacco is akin to drug addiction: people smoke not because they want to smoke, but because they cannot quit the habit.

It’s true that it’s easy to start smoking, but it’s very difficult to stop smoking in the future. Once you start smoking, you can become a slave to this habit, slowly and surely destroying your health, which nature gave for other purposes - work and creation, self-improvement, love and happiness.

About drug addiction and substance abuse

Drug addiction is a serious disease caused by drug abuse and an acquired pathological addiction to them.

Narcotic substances plant origin, which have a special intoxicating effect on humans, have been known to mankind for a very long time. Drug use was initially associated with religious and everyday customs. Many years ago, drugs were used by ministers of various religions to achieve a state of ecstasy during the performance of religious rites.

Another historically established type of drug use is inherent in the medical field - as sedatives, painkillers and sleeping pills.

The third type of drug use is their use for the development of externally unconditional mental states associated with the experience of pleasure, comfort, uplifting mood, mental and physical tone, buzz.

A sharp impetus to the spread of drugs throughout the world has given rapid development in the XIX-XX centuries. chemistry, including the chemistry of medicinal substances.

Thus, a drug should be understood chemical substances synthetic or plant origin, medicine, which have a special, specific effect on the nervous system and the entire human body, lead to the removal pain, changes in mood, mental and physical tone. Achieving these states with the help of drugs is called drug intoxication. There are four types of drug addiction in our country: opium addiction (abuse of opium and its constituent alkaloids and synthetic morphine substitutes);

hashishism (abuse of cannabis varieties that contain sufficient quantity tetrahydrocaccabinone);

drug addiction caused by stimulants (mainly ephedrine); drug addiction caused by some sleeping pills related to drugs.

Patients with drug addiction often become people who are easily suggestible, devoid of interests, and have poor control over their desires.

The rate at which drug addiction develops depends on chemical structure drug, method of administration, frequency of administration, dosage and individual characteristics body.

The initial stage of drug addiction is the transition from episodic to regular intake drug, increasing endurance to it, the emergence of an attraction to drug poisoning. If at the beginning of taking drugs there is a subjective unpleasant condition, then it soon disappears and every drug use causes euphoria.

Taking opiates (opium, morphine, etc.) causes a feeling of pleasant warmth, a painless “push” in the head, and a state of bliss. Then begins a rapid change of pleasant ideas against the backdrop of blissful peace with dream-like fantasies.

Hashish intoxication is accompanied by foolishness, unmotivated laughter, mobility, and disturbances in perception of the environment and thinking.

After administering a solution containing ephedrine, a state resembling ecstasy occurs (a feeling of lightness in the body, a special clarity of perception of the environment, a feeling of unity with nature and the world, etc.).

As drug addiction develops, tolerance to the drug increases; previous doses do not provide euphoria. Next, increasing doses begin to be taken, and the pattern of action of the drug changes. In particular, with morphinism and the abuse of other opiates, instead of blissful peace, a state of vigor appears with a feeling of a surge of strength and a desire for communication. Hashish causes the addict to have an elevated mood with an overestimation of his mental capabilities, various disorders thinking; With long-term use of ephedrine, the duration of euphoria is reduced, and some bodily sensations that arise initially disappear.

Stopping drug use leads to painful conditions. With opium addiction, this is expressed in the appearance of anxiety, chills, excruciating tearing pains in the arms, legs, back, insomnia, diarrhea, as well as lack of appetite. Ephedrine addiction is characterized by: long-term insomnia and depression. With hashishism, in addition to unpleasant bodily sensations, mood also drops, irritability, anger, and sleep disturbances appear.

Further consumption leads to a steady decrease in the euphoric effect of the drug and an increase in mental and physical disorders body. In all cases, personality degradation is noted (narrowing of interests, cessation of social useful activity, expressed deceit).

The only goal of drug addicts is to acquire and consume drugs, without which their condition becomes severe.

Substance abuse is a disease characterized by a pathological addiction to substances that are not considered drugs. There are no medical and biological differences between drug addiction and substance abuse. Drug addicts achieve intoxication by inhaling vapors of gasoline, acetone, toluene, perchlorethylene and using various aerosol toxic substances.

Remember:

drug addicts - bad employees, their ability to work - physical and mental - is reduced, all their thoughts are connected with obtaining drugs;

drug addiction causes great financial and moral damage to a person, family and society, it is the cause of accidents at work, in transport, at home;

drug addicts, degrading physically and morally, are a burden to family and society; drug addicts are at risk of spreading AIDS.

Questions

1. What are social consequences bad habits?
2. List the main ways to prevent bad habits.
3. Prepare a message on one of the topics: “Alcohol and its effect on human health”, “Smoking and its effect on your health and well-being” passive smokers", "Drug addiction and substance abuse, their consequences."

The influence of bad habits on human health

Every day we are faced with different people, different from each other. After all, everyone has their own character, habits and weaknesses that we like or annoy, but in one way or another affect our life, health and social status. But the worst thing is that sometimes weaknesses can turn into bad habits that create problems not only for the person dependent on these habits, but also for the people around him, and for the whole society as a whole.

How smoking affects human health

Now let's take a closer look at the consequences of smoking.
Firstly, a heavy smoker develops a lack of calcium in the body and this destroys tooth enamel, teeth turn yellow, the structure of hair and nails deteriorates, and the complexion acquires a grayish tint.
Secondly, blood vessels suffer from smoking and become fragile, oxygen metabolism is disrupted and blood pressure increases.
Third, smoking interferes with work gastrointestinal tract, which can subsequently lead to stomach ulcers.
Fourth, smokers are more likely to have heart attacks, strokes and other heart problems.
Also, this addiction contributes to diseases of the throat, bronchi and lungs, which can subsequently lead to cancer.
Smoking by a pregnant woman is strictly unacceptable, as this will negatively affect the health of the child.

How does alcohol affect human health?

More to more disastrous consequences leads to alcohol. With alcohol abuse it is completely destroyed the immune system body, liver activity, digestive organs, blood sugar regulation is disrupted, work nervous system etc.

But alcohol deals the most terrible blow to the brain. Subsequently, a person loses memory, begins to have mental problems and ultimately can lead to complete degradation.

Moreover, the life of an alcohol lover is much shorter than that of a person leading a healthy lifestyle.

Prevention of bad habits

In modern society, bad habits are one of the pressing problems and therefore the fight against them is simply necessary.

Many people often do not realize that smoking a cigarette, alcohol and drugs are not only bad habits that turn into addiction, but also cause irreparable harm to a person’s health, as well as those around him.

It’s good when a person realized and understood what harm such an addiction to seemingly harmless weaknesses can cause and parted with bad habits. But some people believe that nothing bad will happen from smoking one cigarette, drinking a glass of vodka or indulging in drugs, and as a result, unnoticed by themselves, they become dependent, which becomes stronger every time. And such people already need the help of specialists. But so as not to lead to such sad consequences, you need to know what harmful influence they can have on your health and be aware of their harm as early as possible.

The fight against bad habits is quite difficult, but extremely necessary. And what formerly man If he realizes this, the easier it will be for him to overcome his addiction and give up his bad habits forever. And if your school friend invites you to go smoke or drink, then it is better to stay away from such friends.

The most important thing is for a person to realize as soon as possible that bad habits are harming his life and the lives of those around him and make every effort to part with them forever. After all, leading a healthy lifestyle is accessible to every sane person; the main thing is to have desire, willpower, overcome laziness, and then it will be much easier to get rid of bad habits.

Each of us has our own weaknesses and shortcomings. Some suffer from overeating, some cannot, and some constantly lack sleep. It’s good if such weaknesses are episodic in nature, but it’s bad if they turn into bad habits.

As a rule, harmful addictions are those that negatively affect health and gradually destroy the body, preventing you from achieving and realizing your goals in life. Common to millions of people on our planet, bad habits often become the cause of dangerous diseases and mental disorders, early mortality and loss social status in society.

Dependency factors

No one is safe from bad habits. After all, the development of psychological dependence is influenced by whole line factors - from genetic prerequisites and individual characteristics of a person to the nature of his socio-cultural environment. And if heredity can only be a background, then individual characteristics human body And social factors often play a decisive role on the path to addiction.

Modern psychologists call the most common prerequisites for acquiring bad habits:

• lack of internal discipline and weak willpower;
• absence ;
• difficulties in communication;
• experimentation;
• social protest and challenge to society;
• the desire to have fun and get away from problems.

For most people, bad habits become their main enemy. long years and even for life, captivate their consciousness and will, destroy a person as a person and destroy his body.

Today we will tell you about the most common bad habits and how to get rid of them.

Addiction

Drug addiction is perhaps the most harmful of all bad habits. Drug use very quickly turns not just into addiction, but becomes dangerous and serious illness(although it can also be treated today).

Drugs are poison that destroys the human brain and psyche. Drug use can cause paralysis, brain atrophy, kidney and liver failure, fatal bleeding, or heart rupture. However, statistics say that more than 60% of drug addicts die from AIDS or as a result of an accident. After all, under the influence of drugs, people are capable of anything, even suicide.

Alcoholism

Alcohol is present in the lives of many of us. Some people drink alcoholic beverages exclusively on holidays, while others drink them to relax. However, you must admit, there are also people who cannot live a day without strong drinks, forgetting that addiction to alcohol quickly turns into psychological dependence. (By the way, they also once started with “only on holidays” and “only on Fridays.”)

It's hard to believe, but even a small amount of alcohol can harm your health, intelligence and future. Diabetes, strokes, blood clots in blood vessels, impotence, cirrhosis of the liver, stomach ulcers and gastritis - this is far from full list consequences regular use strong drinks.

Blood thickens, which leads to the formation of blood clots, blood sugar levels rise, and brain cells that are responsible for intelligence and intelligence die. But do not despair, because alcoholism, like other bad habits, can be overcome.

Smoking

Since childhood we have been told that... However, despite the well-known facts about it, it remains a passion for millions of people on our planet. Many men believe that smoking a cigarette will give them a boost of energy and improve their mood, while women are convinced that smoking helps in the fight against overweight. But whatever the reason for smoking, the fact that it turns into an uncontrollable addiction, and tobacco smoke becomes poison for the human body, remains an indisputable fact.

Scientists have proven that cigarettes take about 10 years of a person’s life!

Rich in nicotine and others harmful substances tobacco smoke contributes to the development cancer cells, provokes diseases of the lungs and cardiovascular system. In addition, heavy smokers suffer from persistent cough, and their teeth and skin of their hands acquire bad smell and color.

gambling addiction

Just a few decades ago, no one had heard of such a bad habit as gambling addiction. Today, in connection with widespread gambling, slot machines and casinos, gambling addiction has become not just a bad habit, but a dangerous disease that can cause serious mental disorders. Constant changes moods associated with victories and frequent losses lead to increased irritability, anxiety, aggressiveness and even panic attacks.

Binge eating

The problem of overeating is familiar to many modern people. It would seem, what could be wrong with eating a couple of extra sandwiches or pies? However, in addition to aesthetic problems, overeating can be fraught with disruption of the gastrointestinal tract. Uncontrolled eating of food also affects the condition of the skin, leading to the appearance of pimples and acne.

Lack of sleep

Bad habits are typical for modern society. And another one is lack of sleep. Passionate computer games, communication in in social networks, watching movies and TV shows, many people lose precious hours allotted for sleep. But good sleep- not just a whim, it is a vital necessity.

Leads to rapid fatigue, decreased performance and loss of vitality, negatively affects the condition and appearance skin, causes headaches and migraines. The result of lack of sleep can be the development and exacerbation of many diseases, in particular gastritis, stomach ulcers, and hypertension.

Fighting bad habits

IN modern world There are many ways and methods to combat bad habits (from psychotherapeutic techniques to drug treatment). However, not all of them are suitable for combating this or that addiction. Very often, such remedies as the widely advertised nicotine patches And e-Sigs, are just another marketing ploy and a way of pumping out money, and strong-willed methods turn out to be too painful and painful.

However, there is a way out! Quitting drinking or smoking can be easy and simple if you use the Allen Carr method, which is described in (latest edition - “Quit Smoking Now Without Gaining Weight”) and “ The easy way stop drinking."

Allen Carr's method works very simply: after reading books, everything falls into place in a person's head, and the realization comes that cigarettes and alcohol are a waste of time, health and money. The Allen Carr method has been proven to be quick and completely painless, and its effectiveness is 95%. It is not accompanied by withdrawal symptoms, discomfort and suffering from cigarettes or alcoholic drinks, but brings exclusively joy and freedom from psychological dependence.

And finally, no matter how you decide to overcome bad habits, remember: It's never too late to start fighting alcohol, nicotine or other psychological dependence, because you can always come out a winner!

Expert opinion

Smoking is not a habit, but drug addiction, which is created by the drug nicotine, no matter what nicotine product a person uses: traditional cigarettes or electronic cigarettes, vapes or snus, nasvay or nicotine candies. The nature of addiction is drugs that are sold legally. Addiction is a machine for making money, where the last link in every sense remains the “consumer”.

Bad human habits are actions that are automatically repeated a large number of times and can harm the health of a person or those around him.

Bad human habits are a consequence of weak will. If he cannot force himself to stop doing certain actions that may harm his health in the future, then gradually it turns into a habit that is quite difficult to get rid of.

What are bad habits?

The impact of bad habits on a person’s life and health can be different. Some of them (alcoholism, drug addiction) modern medicine sees it as a disease. Others are classified as unhelpful actions caused by imbalances in the nervous system.

The following are the main bad habits of modern man:

• smoking;
• addiction;
• alcoholism;
• gaming addiction;
• shopaholism;
• Internet and television addiction;
• binge eating;
• habit of picking skin or biting nails;
• cracking joints.

The main causes of bad habits

The most common reasons for the development of bad habits in a person are:

Social coherence - if in that social group, to which a person belongs is considered the norm by one or another model of behavior, for example, smoking, then most likely he will also follow it in order to prove his belonging to this group, hence the fashion for bad habits arises;

Unsettled life and alienation;

Pleasure is one of the main reasons why the influence of bad habits is so great; it is the constant receipt of pleasure that leads people to become alcoholics or drug addicts;

Idleness, inability to properly manage free time;

Curiosity;

Relief from stress.

Bad habits and their impact on human health

But of course, the most severe consequences have habits of using drugs, nicotine and alcohol, which quickly develop into addiction and can lead to the development of a number of complications, including death.

Tobacco smoking is one of the types of domestic drug addiction, the essence of which is inhaling the smoke of herbal preparations containing nicotine, which quickly enters the blood from the respiratory system and spreads throughout the body, including the brain.

The health risks of smoking are as follows:

• the risk of developing increases significantly cancer diseases, pathologies respiratory system, SSS and so on;
• Calcium is washed out of the body, facial skin ages, fingers become yellow, teeth deteriorate, the structure of hair and nails is destroyed;
• the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract worsens, the development of peptic ulcers is possible;
• blood vessels become fragile and weak, lose elasticity;
• The oxygen supply to the brain deteriorates, and hypertension develops.

Alcoholism is nothing more than a drug addiction in the body, in which a person feels a painful craving for drinking alcohol. With this disease, not only mental, but also physical dependence person from alcohol. In alcoholism there is heavy defeat internal organs(especially the liver) and personality degradation occurs.

Drinking alcohol does not always lead to the development of alcoholism. Whether a person becomes an alcoholic or not depends on many factors. These are heredity, willpower, frequency of consumption and volume of alcohol, habitat, individual characteristics of the body, mental or emotional predisposition, and so on.

Systematic alcohol consumption leads to the following consequences:

• is decreasing immune defense body, a person often gets sick;
• gradual destruction of the liver occurs;
• nervous function worsens and digestive systems body;
• blood glucose levels increase;
• among alcoholics there is a high mortality rate due to accidents, suicides, and poisoning with low-quality alcohol;
• Brain function gradually deteriorates, a person begins to lose memory and degrades.

Drug addiction is perhaps the most powerful and dangerous bad habit, which has long been recognized as a disease. Drug addiction is a person's dependence on the use of narcotic drugs. The disease has several phases and gradually developing syndromes.

The harm that drugs cause to the human body is great. Listed below are the most serious consequences drug addiction:

Significant reduction in life expectancy;

Increased risk of infection with the most dangerous and often incurable diseases(HIV, hepatitis);

High mortality rate among drug addicts from accidents, suicides, overdoses and drug poisoning;

Rapid aging of the body;

Development of mental and somatic abnormalities;

Severe personality degradation;

Criminal behavior.

How to deal with bad habits

What methods and methods exist to combat bad habits, and which one is most effective? There is no clear answer to this question. It all depends on many factors - the degree of dependence, the person’s willpower, the individual characteristics of the body.

But the most important thing is a person’s desire to start new life without bad habbits. He must fully understand his problem and admit that he is an alcoholic or drug addict.

Without the desire of the person himself to get rid of addiction treatment is extremely difficult and often impossible.

All methods of combating bad habits are divided into three groups:

• gradual reduction in the consumption of harmful substances;
• fighting desires and giving up habits;
• replacing one habit with another.

For example, many people quit smoking gradually, reducing the number of cigarettes they smoke every day. This protracted process and the last stage, when you need to completely quit smoking, is very difficult for many.

But you need to give up drugs immediately. This leads to a severe state of the body, withdrawal, when the remains of drugs leave the body. There is no other way to solve the problem; in this case, gradualism is not the answer.

Prevention of bad habits

Unfortunately, there is still no focus on preventing bad habits worthy of attention. The effect of various commercials, signs and posters is not great. Often a person in trouble is left alone with his problem. Friends and relatives turn away from him, which makes the likelihood of overcoming the disease extremely low.

The path to a life without bad habits always begins with awareness of the problem. If a person does not see harm in his actions (considering, for example, that he is not an alcoholic, but simply drinks sometimes, like everyone else, and there is nothing wrong with that), then recovery is almost impossible.

In medicine, the prevention of bad habits is divided into primary, secondary and tertiary. Let us explain this using the example of alcoholism.

The essence primary prevention is to prevent the consumption of alcohol by persons who have not previously consumed it. Such prevention is aimed at young people, adolescents, and children.

Target Audience secondary prevention are people already those who know taste alcohol or those members of society who are experiencing the first signs of alcohol dependence.

Tertiary prevention is predominantly medical and is aimed at alcoholics.

It should be remembered that in order for people to give up bad habits, it is not enough to just scare them dire consequences use of alcohol, tobacco or drugs. Need special comprehensive programs operating at the state level.

There is a need for state support for the development of sports, the creation of employment opportunities for children and adolescents, the use of hotlines and telephones psychological assistance, creation of new modern drug treatment centers.

Facilities mass media must actively promote a healthy lifestyle, formulate in the minds of young people the understanding that it is fashionable not to drink and smoke, but to play sports.

It is necessary to conduct special classes on the dangers of alcoholism, smoking and drug addiction in schools. Moreover, they should not be boring, but interesting. Not only teachers should take part in the classes, but also psychologists, narcologists, former alcoholics and drug addicts, who can use their example to tell children about what bad habits lead to.

In conclusion, I would like to note once again that ultimately the decision about whether to start smoking, drinking or taking drugs is made by the person himself. It depends on him how his life will turn out, whether he can become full member society or not.

Prevention of bad habits can help someone in adopting the right decision and if even one person, after talking with a psychologist or watching social advertising, says no to bad habits, this will already be a sign that everything was not done in vain!

Human life consists of habits, actions that are performed automatically without prior reflection. Habits are divided into useful and harmful. Useful ones are developed gradually, showing persistence and volitional effort: morning exercises, mandatory hygiene procedures, going to work. Harmful ones are vaccinated more often in adolescence out of imitation of others, the desire to look more mature and successful, similar to people who serve as a kind of example.

Gradually bad habits become an addiction that is quite difficult to get rid of. By becoming a slave to his habit, a person, without noticing, causes significant harm to his health, tramples social laws human society, causes anxiety and trouble to the people around.

Classification of bad habits

Any human habit good or bad, designed to bring pleasure. This is what explains the speed of addiction and the duration of action.

Varieties of the most famous bad habits:

1. . The drinker believes that taking a break from work in this way is his legal right. And until he understands the harm alcohol causes to his health and wants to completely change his life, all the efforts of relatives and doctors to rid an alcoholic of addiction will not bring success.
2. A person becomes addicted to drugs to escape from pressing problems. Several trials lead to a strong addiction. Stopping treatment is accompanied by pain, which many people cannot resist.
3. a person usually begins in adolescence, imitating his favorite movie characters, smoking adults, who have unconditional authority from the child. In the ranking the greatest harm For the body, smoking occupies one of the leading positions.

The effect of alcohol on the body

• after a month, the morning “smoker’s cough” completely disappears;
• after 3-4 days the sense of taste of food improves;
• literally on the third day a person begins to perceive surrounding odors, previously dulled by tobacco smoke;
• after a week, the nature around becomes brighter in color and richer;
• after 2-3 months, lung volume increases, shortness of breath disappears when climbing stairs, hiking fast pace;
• after 1-2 months, complexion noticeably improves, yellowness disappears, and a rejuvenating effect appears.

They say that a person's habit is second nature. Everyone’s task is to make their life interesting, useful for themselves and others, and full of pleasant events. Achieving the goal is facilitated by maintaining healthy image life and