Presentation - modern Olympic Games. Winter Olympic Games How the modern Olympic Games are held presentation
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Modern Olympic Games (for grades 1-4) Physical education teacher of State Budgetary Educational Institution Secondary School No. 601 of the Primorsky District of St. Petersburg Ivanova I.S.
History There are various competitions: championship of school, city, region. The strongest athletes participate in world championships. But it is especially honorable to win the Olympic Games.
History After a long break, the Olympic Games resumed. The outstanding French public figure Baron Pierre de Coubertin played a major role in their revival.
History The first modern Olympic Games were held in the Greek city of Athens in 1896. Since then, 30 Summer Olympics have been held.
History The last Summer Olympics took place in London in 2012.
Ideals and symbolism of the Olympic Games The Olympic symbol is five intertwined rings. They represent the unity of the five continents and the meeting of athletes from all over the world at the Olympic Games. The Olympic flag is a white satin fabric with the Olympic rings.
Ideals and symbols of the Olympic Games Olympic motto “Faster, higher, stronger!” The Olympic emblem is a combination of five rings with some other elements. For example, the emblem of the Games of the XXII Olympiad, which were held in Moscow in 1980, together with the Olympic rings, depicts a silhouette reminiscent of high-rise buildings, the towers of the Moscow Kremlin and the running tracks of the stadium. Citius, Altius, Fortius! Faster, higher, stronger!
Ideals and symbolism of the Olympic Games The lighting of the Olympic flame is one of the main rituals at the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games. It is delivered from Olympia by relay to the site of the games by the best athletes in the world.
Ideals and symbolism of the Olympic Games The oath of athletes and judges is: “On behalf of all athletes, I promise that we will participate in these Games respecting and abiding by the rules by which they are held, in the true spirit of sportsmanship, for the glory of sport and in the name of honor their teams."
Ideals and symbolism of the Olympic Games The mascot of the Olympic Games is usually an image of an animal that is especially loved in the country where the Games are held. The mascot of the 1980 Olympics in Moscow was the brown bear cub Misha. The mascots of the Sochi 2014 Olympics will be a polar bear, a leopard, and a bunny.
Ideals and symbolism of the Olympic Games Olympic awards are medals. The winner is awarded a gold medal, second place – a silver medal, third place – a bronze medal.
Winter Olympic Games The winter sport appeared at the IV Games in London in 1908. As part of the Summer Olympics, the championship in figure skating on artificial ice was played among men and women. Since 1924, the Winter Olympic Games have been held separately from the Summer Olympics.
Russian Olympic champions The first Russian Olympic champion was figure skater Nikolai Panin-Kolomenkin in London (1908).
Ask adults the names of the five continents that symbolize the Olympic rings. Name the first Olympic champion in figure skating. With the help of adults, find information about him. Where will the XXII Olympic Winter Games 2014 be held? What do you know about the upcoming event?
Sources of information Lisitskaya T.S. Physical education: 2nd grade: textbook / T.S. Lisitskaya, L.A. Novikova. – M.: Astrel, 2012. Lyakh V.I. My physical education friend: Textbook. for students 1-4 grades. beginning school/ V.I. Lyakh. – 3rd ed. – M.: Education, 2002. ttp://ru.wikipedia.org www.athletics.by byaki.net http://kinderlibrary.wordpress.com www.segodnya.ua loveopium.ru fed.sibnovosti.ru www.rb .ru nvspb.ru khabar.kz megaznak.ru novved.ru sport.ru.msn.com www.diary.ru trikky.ru www.olympichistory.info iclub-china.com mirfactov.com gorod.tomsk.ru bobrolet.ru http://olimp-cdt.narod.ru/rituali_klyatva.html artbreath.ru www.epochtimes.ru
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The project was developed by Student 3b of the Fedotovskaya Secondary School Anatoly Kondratyev
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History of the revival The Winter Olympics are worldwide competitions in winter sports. Like the Summer Olympic Games, they are held under the auspices of the IOC. The first Winter Olympic Games took place in 1924. At first, the winter and summer Games were held in the same year, but since 1994, they have been held at intervals of two years. To date, the program of the Winter Olympic Games has expanded significantly, the number of participants has increased, including many athletes from southern countries.
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The First Olympic Games When historians say that the White Games No. 1 took place in 1924 in Chamonix, they come into conflict with jurisprudence. The fact is that what happened in the French Alps 75 years ago was officially called completely differently. “Winter Sports Week dedicated to the upcoming Games of the VIII Olympiad in Paris” was the long name of the competition, which brought together 293 athletes from 16 countries in January-February 24. However, documents show that they could easily have failed to get together. At least there were several reasons for this.
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Baron Pierre de Coubertin Coubertin showed the greatest energy in pushing through the idea of the White Olympics. During 1921 and 1922, the great Frenchman showed his brilliant diplomatic talent. First, he achieved the creation of a commission for organizing the Winter Games, which included representatives from Sweden, France, Norway, Switzerland and Canada, and then (despite the complete lack of unanimity in the said commission) insisted on organizing Winter Sports Week in 1924 as a means of propaganda the upcoming summer Olympics. According to Coubertin, it should have been a kind of demonstration tournament in non-Olympic sports. In order for its program to be sufficiently complete, hockey and figure skating were removed from the Olympic program of the Paris Olympics.
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Winter Olympic sports According to current IOC rules, a winter sport can be officially recognized as an Olympic sport if it is practiced in at least 50 countries on three continents, and competitions in this sport are held among both men and women.
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Alpine skiing Alpine skiing is a descent from the mountains on special skis. A sport, as well as a popular activity for millions of people around the world. Traditionally, it is most developed in countries such as Austria, Switzerland, France, the USA, and Germany. The birthplace of alpine skiing is the Alps; in most languages, the very name of this sport means “alpine skiing.”
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Ski racing Ski racing is a ski race over a certain distance on a specially prepared track among people of a certain category (age, gender, etc.). They belong to cyclic sports.
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Ski jumping Ski jumping is a sport that involves ski jumping from specially equipped springboards. They perform as an independent sport and are also included in the Nordic Combined program. Member of the International Ski Federation
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Nordic Combined Nordic Combined is an Olympic sport that combines ski jumping and cross-country skiing in its program. Another name is the northern combination. Initially, this sport was most developed in Norway: at the first 4 Winter Olympics (1924, 1928, 1932 and 1936), the entire podium was occupied by Norwegians, and of the 12 pre-war world championships, Norwegians won eight. As of the end of the 2010 Olympic Games in Vancouver, the Norwegians have won 11 Olympic gold medals in Nordic combined, with the Finns in second place with 4 golds
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Freestyle Freestyle skiing is a type of skiing and snowboarding. Freestyle skiing includes ski acrobatics, ski cross, moguls and new school skiing. Ski ballet, one of the freestyle disciplines that existed until 1999, was excluded from the programs of official competitions. The ballet consisted of a descent down a gentle slope to musical accompaniment with demonstration of elements of sliding, steps, rotations, and jumps.
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Snowboarding Snowboarding is an extreme sport that involves descending from snow-covered slopes and mountains on a special equipment - a snowboard. Initially, it was a winter sport, although some extreme sports enthusiasts mastered it even in the summer, snowboarding on sandy slopes (sandboarding). In 1998, at the Winter Olympics in Nagano, snowboarding was included in the Olympic program for the first time.
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Biathlon Biathlon (from Latin bis - twice and other Greek ἆθλον - competition, fight) is a winter Olympic sport that combines cross-country skiing with rifle shooting. Biathlon is most popular in Germany, Russia, Austria, Norway and Sweden. From 1993 to the present, official international biathlon competitions, including the World Cup and World Championships, have been held under the auspices of the International Biathlon Union
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Figure skating Figure skating is a speed skating sport that is a complex coordination sport. The main idea is to move an athlete or a pair of skaters on ice with changes in gliding direction and performing additional elements (rotation, jumps, combinations of steps, lifts, etc.) to music.
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Speed skating Speed skating is a sport in which you need to cover a certain distance on an ice stadium in a closed circle as quickly as possible.
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Short track Short track (eng. Short track speed skating, Russian. Speed skating on a short track) is a form of speed skating. In competitions, several athletes (usually 4-8: the longer the distance, the more athletes in the race) simultaneously skate along an oval ice track 111.12 m long.
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Who took part: In Ancient Greece, only men had the right to perform at the Games and stand watching the competitions (there were no seats in the stadium at that time). Only one woman could be present among the spectators - the priestess of the fertility goddess Demeter. Others faced death for appearing at the stadium. The selection was quite harsh. Only people of Greek origin could become Olympians, and only free people and only men. Games of our time According to the charter of the Games of the Olympics, “... unite amateur athletes from all countries in fair and equal competitions. There shall be no discrimination against countries or individuals on racial, religious or political grounds...”
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Symbolism In Ancient Greece, the Olympic Flame The Olympic flame, or Olympic torch, is a symbol of the Olympic Games. It is currently lit several months before the Olympic Games celebrations begin at the site of the ancient Olympic Games in Olympia, Greece. Eleven women, led by the Vestal Virgins, perform a ceremony in which the torch is lit with the light of the Sun, its rays concentrated by a parabolic mirror. Then the Olympic torch relay begins. The relay ends on the day of the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games at the central stadium. An athlete carrying the Olympic flame runs up to the bowl with a torch and lights the flame in the stadium. For an athlete, lighting the Olympic flame is a great honor and recognition of great achievements in the development of sports. The Olympic flame continues to burn throughout the Olympics, and is extinguished on the day of the closing ceremony. Ancient Olympic Games For the ancient Greeks, fire was sacred; according to ancient Greek legend, it was stolen from the gods by Prometheus. Therefore, fire was present in many sanctuaries in Olympia, Greece. The fire burned for a long time on the altar of Hestia in Olympia, Greece. During the Olympic Games, sacred fire was lit in temples dedicated to Zeus and his wife, Hera. The modern Olympic flame is lit at the site of the Temple of Hera. In ancient Greece, Olympic champions were awarded an olive wreath.
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Modern Games The tradition of lighting the Olympic flame was revived during the 1928 Olympic Games. An Amsterdam electricity company employee lit the first Olympic flame in modern history in the Marathon Tower of the Olympic Stadium in Amsterdam. The modern tradition of passing the Olympic torch from Greece to the Olympic site began in 1936. Karl Diehm developed the idea of the torch relay for the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin. The Olympic flame, lit at Olympia, was carried 3,187 kilometers by 3,331 runners in twelve days and eleven nights from Greece to Berlin. A presentation of the Sochi 2014 Olympic Torch Relay route took place in Moscow. The flame will be lit in the homeland of the Olympic Games, Greece. From there, on October 7, 2013, he will be transported to Moscow. In total, the relay will cover 2,900 settlements, 83 regions, and all 9 time zones of Russia - from Kaliningrad to Vladivostok. The Olympic flame will cross the North Pole and may even go into space. One of the longest non-stop flights awaits him, almost 2 thousand km long - from Norilsk to Yakutsk. On average, the fire will travel 534 km per day.
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Games of our time Along the route, the fire will travel 6.5 km in a cart drawn by the famous Russian troika, 4 km on a funicular, 128 km on water, and part of it under water. The goal of such a route is to give the opportunity to 90% of the population to touch this route. The entire relay will take 123 days. 2014, the year the Olympic flame will meet in Kazan. The Olympic movement has an emblem and a flag. The symbol of the Olympic Games is five intertwined rings, symbolizing the unification of five continents in the Olympic movement, the so-called. Olympic rings.
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Games of our time The color of the rings in the top row is blue for Europe, black for Africa, red for America, in the bottom row - yellow for Asia, green for Australia.
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Games of our time The flag - a white cloth with the Olympic rings, has been raised in the arena from the Central Stadium at all Games since 1920. The motto is “Citius, Altius, Fortius” (“Faster, higher, stronger”). Olympic symbols also include the anthem, oath, slogan, medals, olive branch, fireworks, talismans, emblem
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Founders In Ancient Greece According to legends, the Olympic Games were first organized in time immemorial by Hercules, they were held once every 5 years. Then the tradition of holding the games was interrupted and was resumed under the Elidic king Iphitus and the assistance of the Spartan ruler Lycurgus. During the games, a sacred truce was declared; during this time it was impossible to wage war. No one had the right to enter the territory of Olympia with weapons. The violator faced a severe fine. But worse than the fine, as the Greeks believed, was the curse that the gods sent to the violator of the Olympic truce. A person who insulted a traveler going to the Olympic festival was also subjected to severe punishment. After Christianity became the official religion, the games were considered a manifestation of paganism and were banned by Emperor Theodosius I.
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The founders of the Modern Games, French public figure Pierre de Coubertin, came up with a proposal to revive the Olympic Games. He believed that the ideas of the Olympic movement would breathe into humanity “the spirit of freedom, peaceful competition and physical improvement” and would contribute to the cultural cooperation of peoples. With the help of friends in many countries, Coubertin managed to organize a world meeting of Olympian supporters. This meeting - or rather the Founding Congress - took place on June 23, 1894, still at the Sorbonne, in a hall decorated with allegorical frescoes. Two thousand delegates from twelve countries unanimously decided to revive the Olympic Games and establish the International Olympic Committee (IOC). This is the highest governing body of the Olympic movement, which included fourteen representatives from twelve countries, including from Russia - General A. D. Butovsky
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Founders The first members of the IOC were also the organizers of national Olympic committees in their countries. In order to stretch the thread connecting two civilizations - Hellenic and ours, Athens was chosen as the venue for the First Olympic Games of our time. 1896 was named the year of the First Olympics. And since then, every four years, the flame is lit from the sun's rays in Olympia and delivered by a torch relay by athletes to the host city of the Games. And thus, representatives of different nations become closer, the Olympic flame unites them.
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Kinds of sports. In Ancient Greece, at the first thirteen Games, the Greeks competed only in a short race of one stage, the length of which, due to the different steps of the measuring judges, was, as already noted, unequal - from 175 to 192.27 m. It is from this word that the name " stadium". The largest stade was in Olympia, since, according to legend, Hercules himself measured it. For more than half a century, this type of running was the only competition at the Greek Olympic festival. The runners started from special marble slabs that had indentations for their fingers. The Olympic Games included the following types - running at 1,2 and 24 stages; struggle; pentathlon (pentathlon); fist fights; two- and four-horse chariot racing; pankration, running in military equipment, horse racing.
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Types of sports Modern Games The program of the modern Olympic Games includes 28 summer (41 disciplines) and 7 winter (15 disciplines) sports. Summer sports: Badminton Basketball Boxing Wrestling: Greco-Roman wrestling, Freestyle wrestling Cycling Water sports: swimming, synchronized swimming, diving, water polo, open water, water skiing Volleyball: volleyball, beach volleyball Handball Gymnastics: artistic gymnastics, rhythmic gymnastics, trampolining
Contents of the work: Chapter 1: From the history of the Olympic Games,
Olympic symbols
Chapter 2: “Geographical Chronology”
olympic games
Chapter 3: Cities - capitals of future Olympiads
(Beijing, Vancouver, London)
Why Moscow did not become the capital of the 2008 Olympics
Prospects for Sochi as the capital of the 2014 Olympics
Application - electronic map "Geography"
Olympic Games"
Home of the Olympic Games
Arch of the ancient stadium at Olympia"There is nothing more noble
Sun,
giving so much light and warmth.
So people glorify those
competitions,
there is nothing more majestic
nothing, the Olympic Games."
Pindar
Ancient Greece Map
From the history of the Olympic Games
First Olympics776 BC.
Decree of Theodosius Ι on the ban
olympic games
394 AD
Revival Commission
June 23, 1894
Olympic Games in Paris;
emergence of the IOC
Our first Olympiad
era (Greece, Athens)
April 1896
Beginning of the torch relay races
1936
First Winter Games
(Chamonix, France)
1924
Olympic symbols
Officiallogo
COLORS OF OLYMPIC RINGS
Blue
Europe
Black
Africa
Red
America
Yellow
Asia
Green
Australia
Olympic symbols
Official flagWhite color symbolizes peace during
Games The flag was planned for the first time
used at the 1916 Games, but they
did not take place due to the war, therefore
the flag first appeared at the Olympics
1920 games in Antwerp (Belgium).
The Olympic flag is used in
opening and closing ceremonies of each
Olympics.
The IOC flag is a combination
Olympic logo and Olympic
motto.
Olympic symbols
Olympic mottoOlympic symbols
The Olympic principle was defined in 1896year by the founder of the modern Games, Pierre de
Coubertin.
“The most important thing in the Olympic Games is not
victory, and participation, just like in life the most
the main thing is not triumph, but struggle.”
Olympic symbols
Olympic Oath.The text of the oath was proposed by Pierre de Coubertin,
subsequently it changed somewhat and now sounds
So:
“On behalf of all participants in the competition, I
I promise that we will participate in these
Olympic Games, respecting and observing
the rules by which they are carried out, in
true sportsmanship, for the glory of sport and
honor of our teams."
In 2000, at the Olympics in Sydney, for the first time in the text
oaths there were words about the non-use of doping in
competitions.
Olympic symbols
Olympic flameRitual of lighting the sacred fire
comes from the ancient Greeks and was
renewed by Coubertin in 1912.
The torch is lit at Olympia
directed solar beam
rays formed by concave
mirror. Olympic flame
symbolizes purity, attempt
improvement and struggle for
victory, as well as peace and friendship.
The tradition of lighting a fire
stadiums was started in 1928
(at the Winter Games - in 1952).
Relay race to deliver the torch to
the host city of the Games took place for the first time
in 1936.
Athens, 2004
Olympic symbols
Olympic medalsAthens, 1896
Rome, 1960
Moscow, 1980
Sarajevo, 1984
Los Angeles, 1984
Calgary, 1988
Seoul, 1988
Albertville, 1992
Barcelona, 1992
Lillehammer, 1994
Atlanta, 1996
Nagano, 1998
Sydney, 2000
Salt Lake City, 2002
Athens, 2004
Olympic medals
in Turin, 2006 ATHENS, 1896
Rome, 1960
Sarajevo, 1984
Los Angeles, 1984
Moscow, 1980 Calgary, 1988
Barcelona, 1992
Albertville, 1992
Seoul, 1988
Lillehammer, 1994 Atlanta, 1996
Athens, 2004
Sydney, 2000
Salt Lake City, 2002
International Olympic Committee
The IOC is internationalnon-governmental organization created not
for profit, in the form of association with
status of a legal entity recognized
Swiss Federal Council.
The IOC's mission is to govern
Olympic movement in accordance with
Olympic Charter.
IOC decisions taken on the basis of the provisions
The Olympic Charter are final.
The IOC has among its members current
athletes, presidents or top
officials of MSFs and NOCs. General
the number of IOC members should not exceed 115
person, in accordance with the provisions of
rotation
The official languages of the IOC are
French and English.
International Olympic Committee
The IOC is permanently located in Lausanne(Switzerland)
I
1896
Athens, Greece
II
1900
Paris, France
III
1904
St. Louis, USA
Add.
1906
Athens, Greece
IV
1908
London, Great Britain
V
1912
Stockholm, Sweden
VI
1916 (none)
Berlin, Germany
VII
1920
Antwerp, Belgium
VIII
1924
Paris, France
IX
1928
Amsterdam, Holland
X
1932
Los Angeles, USA
XI
1936
Berlin, Germany
XII
1940 (none)
Tokyo, Japan / Helsinki, Finland
XIII
1944 (none)
London, Great Britain
"Geographical chronology" of the Summer Olympic Games
XV1952
Helsinki, Finland
XVI
1956
Melbourne, Australia (Stockholm, Sweden*3)
XVII
1960
Rome, Italy
XVIII
1964
Tokyo, Japan
XIX
1968
Mexico City, Mexico
XX
1972
Munich, Germany
XXI
1976
Montreal, Canada
XXII
1980
Moscow, USSR
XXIII
1984
Los Angeles, USA
XXIV
1988
Seoul, South Korea
XXV
1992
Barcelona, Spain
XXVI
1996
Atlanta, USA
XXVII
2000
Sydney, Australia
XXVIII
2004
Athens, Greece
XXIX
2008
Beijing, China
XXX
2012
London, Great Britain
I
II
III
IV
V
VI
VII
VIII
IX
X
XI
1924
1928
1932
1936
1940
1944
1948
1952
1956
1960
1964
1968
1972
Chamonix,France
St. Moritz, Switzerland
Lake Placid, USA
Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany
Sapporo, Japan / St. Moritz, Switzerland
Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy
St. Moritz, Switzerland
Oslo, Norway
Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy
Squaw Valley, USA
Innsbruck, Austria
Grenoble, France
Sapporo, Japan
"Geographical chronology" of the Winter Olympic Games
XII1976
Innsbruck, Austria
XIII
1980
Lake Placid, USA
XIV
1984
Sarajevo, Yugoslavia
XV
1988
Calgary, Canada
XVI
1992
Albertville, France
XVII
XVIII
XIX
XX
XXI
1994
1998
2002
2006
2010
Lillehammer, Norway
Nagano, Japan
Salt Lake City, USA
Turin, Italy
Vancouver, Canada
Results of the XX Olympic Games in Turin
A COUNTRYGOLDEN
SILVER
BRONZE
TOTAL
Germany
USA
Austria
RUSSIA
Canada
Sweden
Korea
Switzerland
Italy
Netherlands
11
9
9
8
7
7
6
5
5
3
12
9
7
6
10
2
3
4
0
2
6
7
7
8
7
5
2
5
6
4
29
25
23
22
24
14
11
14
11
9
Beijing - the capital of the 2008 Summer Olympics
The motto of the Olympics is “One world - one dream”Emblem in the form of a running man,
which looks like a Chinese character,
meaning "capital".
The Beijing Olympics will have five mascots:
fish, panda, spirit of the Olympic flame,
Tibetan antelope and swallow.
Vancouver, Canada; 2010
At the meeting held on July 2Prague 115th session
International
Olympic Committee
Canadian city of Vancouver
acquired the right to
holding Winter
Olympic Games 2010.
Vancouver won the second
voting round. IN
last stage of elections
Winter Olympic capitals
Vancouver competed with
Austrian Salzburg and
South Korean Pyeongchang.
Vancouver, Canada; 2010
Vancouver is a city in the southwestCanada, in the province of British
Colombia. Located on the shore
Burrard Bay, near the border
from the USA. Third by number of inhabitants
city of the country (after Montreal and
Toronto) - 955 thousand people. IN.
founded in 1886 on the site of the old
Indian sites and more
late European settlement
Granville.
Vancouver is the main port
export of wheat (from the steppe
provinces of Canada)
timber and non-ferrous
metals (from British
Colombia). Large railway
station at the western end
two trans-Canada lines. Near
Vancouver - Sea Island Airport.
The city is named after J. Vancouver,
English navigator
explorer of the Pacific
coast of North America.
London - the capital of the 2012 Summer Olympics
London became the capital of the 2012 Olympic Gamesof the year. This decision was made on the 117th
IOC session in Singapore. In the final
the capital of Great Britain beat the vote
capital of France Paris.
Moscow was eliminated in the first round, New York was eliminated in the second round, and Madrid was eliminated in the third. In the final
tour the British capital received more
fifty percent of the votes. Let us remind you that
London has already hosted the Olympics twice
games - in 1908 and 1948.
Geography of future Olympics
Prospects for Sochi as the capital of the 2014 Olympics
Sochi is a unique resort, openfor visiting all year round. City
located in the very south of Russia, on
shore of the Black Sea. Beautiful
beaches reminiscent of the area
Mediterranean, adjacent to
ski resort Krasnaya
Glade bordering
State Caucasian
biosphere reserve -
world natural resource
UNESCO heritage. Krasnaya Polyana
located just an hour away from
cities. Mountain peaks of the resort
reach heights of more than 2000 m above
sea level. Resort Krasnaya
The glade got its name
thanks to the magnificent decoration
of fiery red foliage,
covering the mountains in autumn until
until the first snow. Sochi from
can be called confidence
"a city for all seasons."
Here the sun and snow are constant
neighbours. "Trumps" Sochi in
pre-Olympic wrestling:
favorable
climatic conditions
developed transport
net
developed hotel
infrastructure
WE BELIEVE IN SOCHI'S VICTORY!
According to worldexperts, because
geographical location,
transport accessibility
Olympic venues near Sochi
there are good chances
win this race
(winter games capital elections
2014)
Vladimir Putin, with his
side, noted: "We are all
Sochi must be developed equally.
This is one of my favorite places
holidays for Russian citizens.
Incentive to host the Olympics
must be used according to
to the maximum," he said
President of the Russian Federation.
The main source of information used in the work on the project is the World Wide Web INTERNET
Encyclopedia@ mail.ru- http://enc.mail.ru
Information site "Turin - 2006" http://www.olymp2006.ru/
Russian Olympic Committee http://www.olympic.ru/
Information site NEWSru http://www.newsru.com
Websites dedicated to the Olympic Games -
http://olympic.webteka.com/,
www.olympicgames.com.ua,
www.olymp2004.ru,
www.olympiad.h1.ru,
www.the-olympic-games.ru,
www.athens2004.com
Official website of the city of Sochi http://www.sochi2014.com
Sports news site –
www.sports.ru,
sport.vand.ru
Encyclopedias encycl.accoona.ru,
http://slovari.yandex.ru
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olympic olympic games
Modern Olympic Games
Slide 2
From idea to implementation
The outstanding French public figure Baron Pierre de Coubertin (1863 - 1937) played a great role in the revival of the OI. Pierre de Coubertin was born on January 1, 1863, and was educated at an officer's school. Later he became interested in history, pedagogy, literature, and politics. He studied PE systems in France and other countries and came up with the idea of using the idea of reviving the Olympic Games to create a system of international sports competitions.
Slide 3
On November 25, 1892, he speaks at the Sorbonne University in Paris with a report “The Revival of Olympism.” On June 23, 1894, at the International Athletic Congress, it was decided to hold the first Olympic Games of our time in 1896 in their homeland - the capital of Greece, Athens. The International Olympic Committee (IOC) was also created there. Among the first 13 members of the IOC was a prominent Russian PV organizer and teacher, General Alexei Dmitrievich Butovsky. More than 70 scientific works by A.D. Butovsky became widespread in Russia. Pierre de Coubertin considered A.D. Butovsky his like-minded person in the revival of the Olympic Games. Thus, Russia, together with other countries, stood at the origins of the modern Olympic movement. In 1994 humanity celebrated the 100th anniversary of this movement. On July 23, 1994, in St. Petersburg, during the Goodwill Games, two monuments to the Russian sculptor Mikhail Anikushin were unveiled - to Pierre de Coubertin and A.D. Butovsky.
Slide 4
Debut of Russian athletes
According to our historians, the debut of Russian athletes took place at the IV Olympic Games in 1908 in London. The Russian team consisted of 6 people and nevertheless achieved success. Nikolai Panin - Kolomenkin became the Olympic champion in figure skating, wrestlers N. Orlov and A. Petrov won two silver medals
Slide 5
Olympic Games on ice and snow.
In 1925, the IOC decided to hold the White Olympics. A year earlier, the “International Sports Week on the occasion of the VIII Olympics” was held in the mountain resort of Chamonix (France). It was in retrospect that it became known as the 1st Winter Olympics. 53 athletes from the USSR competed at the VII Winter Olympics. The speed skaters (E. Grishin, Yu. Mikhailov, B. Shilkov) especially distinguished themselves. Lyubov Kozyreva and the men's relay team had no equal on the track. USSR hockey players also won gold medals in the final match with the Canadians (Vsevolod Bobrov, Nikolai Puchkov and others were on the team)
Slide 6
The Olympic Charter is the basic law of the worldwide movement. The Charter is a kind of constitution of the Olympic movement, a set of basic laws by which the world of modern Olympic sports lives. It sets out the principles of Olympism, the rules for organizing and conducting the Olympic Games, and the structure of the Olympic movement. The preamble of the Olympic Charter sets out the essence and content of Olympism.
Olympic principles, traditions, rules
Slide 7
The concept of "Olympiad"
According to the Olympic Charter, the term “Olympiad” means a period consisting of 4 consecutive years, which begins on the opening day of the Summer Olympics and ends with the opening of the following Summer Olympics. However, when journalists, and after them sports fans, call the Olympic Games themselves the Olympics, this is not considered a mistake, and one can say “Moscow Olympics”. Winter Olympic Games have their own serial numbers and are called, for example, like this: “XVIII Winter Olympic Games in Lillehammer.”
Slide 8
Olympic symbol
It consists of five intertwined multi-colored rings and represents the unity of the five continents and the meeting of athletes from all over the world at the Olympic Games. The rings are intertwined in the following order: three rings at the top - blue, black, red and two at the bottom - yellow and green.
Slide 9
Olympic motto
The Olympic motto “Citius, altius, fortius” (“Citius, altius, fortius”) - translated from Latin “Faster, higher, stronger” expresses the aspirations of the Olympic movement. The author of the motto was priest Didon, the director of one of the colleges in France. He was one of the first to appreciate the beneficial effects of sports on the education of young people.
Slide 10
Olympic emblem
The official emblem of the Olympic Games consists of rings and some symbol of the city or state where the next Games are being held.
Emblem of the Summer Olympics in Moscow, 1980
Emblem of the Winter Olympics in Turin, 2006
Slide 11
Olympic flag
The Olympic symbol (five rings) is depicted on a white satin panel measuring 3*2 m. The flag was first raised at the Olympic Games in 1920. During the closing ceremony of the games, a representative of the city that hosted the Olympic Games hands over the flag to the IOC President, who hands it over to the mayor of the city hosting the next Olympiad. The flag is kept in the city municipality building for 4 years.
Slide 12
Olympic flame
The lighting of the Olympic flame is one of the main rituals at the opening ceremony of both the summer and winter Olympic Games. The idea of the Olympic flame, born from the sun's rays at the ruins of the Temple of Zeus in Olympia, and its delivery by torch relay to the Olympic stadium at the opening of the Games was born by Pierre de Coubertin in 1912.
The first fire lighting ceremony was held at the Games of the XI Olympiad in 1928 in Amsterdam, and at the Winter Games in 1952 in Oslo.
Slide 13
Oaths of athletes and judges
The first text of the Olympic oath of athletes was proposed by Pierre de Coubertin in 1913. In our time, the oath reads as follows: “On behalf of all athletes, I promise that we will participate in these Games, respecting and observing the rules by which they are held, in the true spirit of sportsmanship.” , for the glory of sport and for the honor of their teams." The oath was first pronounced at the Olympic Games in 1920. The oath is pronounced by one of the outstanding athletes of the country - the hostess of the Olympic Games. The oath on behalf of the sports referees of the Games was proposed by the USSR Olympic Committee at the Olympic Games in Mexico City in 1968. The oath reads as follows: “On behalf of all judges and officials, I promise that we will perform our duties during these Olympic Games with all impartiality, respecting and observing the rules by which they are held, in a truly sportsmanlike spirit.”
Slide 14
Olympic mascot
The tradition of calling the mascot OI arose not so long ago. Usually the image of an animal that is popular in the country hosting the Olympic Games is declared as a mascot. For example, the symbol of the Moscow Olympics in 1980 was the brown bear cub Misha.
Slide 15
Olympic awards
For special services to the Olympic movement, the IOC awards the Olympic Order. The order was established in 1974. Special awards are awarded for sporting achievements at the Olympic Games: Medals (gold, silver, bronze) for 1 - 3 places Diplomas - for 1 - 8 places Breastplates (gold, silver, bronze) for 1 - 3 places
Slide 16
When are the Olympic Games held? The Charter establishes that the Olympic Games (sometimes called the Summer Games) are held during the first year of the Olympics. Thus, the four-year period of the XXII Olympiad began in 1980, so the Moscow Games were held in that year. Winter Olympics, since 1994, are held during the second calendar year counted after the year in which the Olympics begin. The duration of the games should not exceed 16 days.
How the Olympic Games are held
Slide 17
Where are the Olympic Games held?
The choice of the city where the Olympic Games are held is the exclusive right of the IOC. But the city's candidacy must be approved by the NOC (national Olympic committee) of its country. Competitions in all sports included in the Olympic Games program are held in the city that organizes the Olympic Games (certain types can be held in other cities of the same country with the decision of the IOC).
Slide 18
The Olympic Village Charter stipulates that athletes, coaches, officials and other team personnel must live in one place at the games. The Organizing Committee must provide them with an Olympic village. “Village” is a code name; it is a complex of residential buildings, restaurants, clinics, and sports facilities.
Who is participating in the Olympic Games? Athletes participating in the Olympic Games must respect the spirit of fair play and not use substances or wrestling techniques prohibited by the rules of the IOC and international sports federations. We are talking about a ban on the use of doping – drugs harmful to health that give one athlete an unfair advantage over others.
Slide 19
Opening of the Olympic Games
The ceremony begins with the appearance of the head of state - the organizer of the Games. Then there is a parade of delegations. The President of the Organizing Committee of the Games and the President of the IOC give speeches to the athletes. The head of state declares the Games open. To the sounds of the Olympic anthem, the flag is brought in and raised. A torch is brought into the stadium and the Olympic flame is lit, which burns until the closing of the Games. The athlete and the judge take oaths.
Slide 20
Closing of the Olympic Games
The closing ceremony is held at the stadium at the end of all competitions. The delegations' standard bearers enter in the same order as at the opening and take a place in the center of the field. Behind them are the athletes in a single column, without distinction of citizenship. To the sounds of national anthems, the flags of Greece, the country that hosted the Olympic Games and the country organizing the next Olympic Games are raised. At the podium, the mayor of the organizing city hands the flag to the IOC President, and he passes it to the mayor of the city organizing the next games. The presidents of the organizing committee of the Games and the IOC make speeches, which in conclusion declares the Games closed and calls on the athletes to gather in 4 years. The fire goes out, and to the sounds of the Olympic anthem, the flag is slowly lowered and taken out of the stadium. A farewell song is performed.