Monocytosis in pregnant women. Changes in monocytes in pregnant women. Increased monocyte count

04.03.2019

During pregnancy, women have to undergo many tests. They help doctors diagnose health problems in a timely manner. Expectant mothers undergo blood tests regularly. There are certain standards for the results of such research. What does an increase in such a blood component as monocytes indicate? What does this mean for the expectant mother? Let's look into the issue.

About monocytes, their functions and normality

This is the name of the variety. As specific blood cells, monocytes protect the body from attacks by foreign biological agents. If long time In an adult, these blood components are elevated, this may be evidence of health problems. The phenomenon of increased levels of monocytes is called monocytosis. It can be relative and absolute. The latter is said when their indicator in the blood exceeds 0.7 × 109/l.

If we talk about relative monocytosis, then the level of these components remains within normal limits, but their presence in the total increases leukocyte formula. In other words, the number of monocytes remains the same, but the number of other types of white blood cells decreases.

In women, monocytes may be elevated after gynecological operations.

It is worth knowing that the level of monocytes increases by initial stages development malignant neoplasms. Sometimes this is the first signal of such health problems.

Pregnancy and high monocytes

Most doctors regard bearing a child as an immunodeficiency state. But at the same time, many existing chronic inflammatory processes fade away during pregnancy.

Monocytes may increase during pregnancy, since during this period the main cells immune defense women become just them, not lymphocytes. It's happening in the background general increase leukocyte level. Monocytes of expectant mothers secrete more anti-inflammatory substances (they are called cytokines) than ordinary women. IN peripheral blood During pregnancy, the number of granulocytes will also increase.

Therefore, monocytosis in pregnant women is early stages may be the norm. Most likely, this is evidence of adaptation of the immune system female body to a new state. Activation natural immunity provides reliable protection from bacterial infections. This only applies to viruses to a lesser extent. Therefore, if monocytosis is detected in a pregnant woman, she is advised to also get tested for viral infections. And first of all we're talking about O Epstein-Barr virus, that is, type 4 and the presence of signs of mononucleosis, which is caused by this virus.

If deviations of monocytes from the norm are insignificant, then it can be assumed that the body expectant mother cope with the attack on your own pathogenic microorganisms. When deviations from the norm are significant, and they are observed over a long period, then this condition requires a detailed medical examination.

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Questions and answers on: monocytes are increased in the blood during pregnancy

2014-09-03 08:48:21

Tatiana asks:

Hello, when planning a pregnancy, I underwent an examination and received the following results.

General analysis blood:
hemoglobin increased 159
hematocrit increased 47.6
red blood cells increased 5.19
monocytes are increased 8.9

Herpes ELISA IgG is positive. Title 1:100.
IgM negative.
Herpes type 1.2 was not detected by PCR.

Ureaplasmosis ELISA IgA negative
IgG doubtful
IgM negative
Ureaplasmosis PCR detected.

Chlamydia smear revealed Provacek bodies.
Chlamydia ELISA IgG negative
IgM negative
Chlamydia PCR was not detected.

Which of these infections is really present or do you need to take some other additional tests? What other tests can I take? Please comment on the test results. Thank you!

Answers Wild Nadezhda Ivanovna:

Submit a bacterial culture test for microflora and sensitivity to antibiotics. After which it is necessary to treat ureaplasmosis and the infection that may be detected. It is advisable to examine the kidneys.

2015-02-02 19:36:48

Olga asks:

Hello!
I am 17 weeks pregnant, and based on the results of a general blood test, I am diagnosed with anemia.
UAC: Clinical analysis blood.
Hematocrit 0.335 * l/l norm 0.350 - 0.450
Hemoglobin 114 * g/l norm 117 - 155
Red blood cells 3.62 * million/µl normal 3.80 - 5.10
MCV (average erythrocyte volume) 93.0 fl normal 81.0 - 100.0
RDW (wide distribution of erythritol) 12.7% norm 11.6 - 14.8
MCH (average Hb content in air) 31.5 pg norm 27.0 - 34.0
MCHC (average Hb concentration in air) 340 g/l norm 320 - 360
Platelets 244 thousand/µl normal 150 - 400
Leukocytes 13.20 * thousand/µl normal 4.50 - 11.00
Neutrophils (total number),
%
66.1% normal 48.0 - 78.0 When testing blood for
hematology analyzer
no pathological cells were found.
Number of band neutrophils
does not exceed 6%
Lymphocytes,% 25.3% normal 19.0 - 37.0
Monocytes,% 6.9% normal 3.0 - 11.0
Eosinophils, % 1.1% normal 1.0 - 5.0
Basophils, % 0.6% normal Neutrophils, abs. 8.73 * thousand/μl norm 1.56 - 6.13
Lymphocytes, abs. 3.34 thousand/µl normal 1.18 - 3.74
Monocytes, abs. 0.91 thousand/µl normal 0.20 - 0.95
Eosinophils, abs. 0.15 thousand/µl normal 0.00 - 0.70
Basophils, abs. 0.08 thousand/µl normal 0.00 - 0.20
ESR (Westergren) 26 * mm/h normal
According to the previous analysis at 9 weeks, hemoglobin, hematocrit and red blood cells were also reduced.

Before and during pregnancy I take Elevit 1 t per day.
The doctor said that because... Anemia is most often due to iron deficiency, so I need to take additional iron supplements. Prescribed Sorbifer Durules.

But the instructions for the drug indicate: Before starting to use the tablets, you need to carry out a series of laboratory examinations: do a blood test, determine serum iron levels and general ability iron to bind.
The drug cannot be used to treat other types of anemia ( infectious anemia or anemia due to other chronic diseases).
Before you start taking Sorbifer Durules tablets, be sure to consult your doctor. One can hope for the effectiveness of treatment only if a diagnosis of iron deficiency is made before starting treatment ( low level iron in serum and its high ability to contact). The drug cannot be used to treat other types of anemia.

Because Now I worry not so much about myself as about the baby, I took the tests indicated in the instructions for the drug, despite the fact that the doctor did not prescribe these tests. Here are the results:
TIBC - total iron-binding capacity of serum 85, norm 45-70 µmol/l
Serum iron 33.97 normal 9.0 - 30.4 µmol/l
Those. it turns out that the iron content is higher than normal, although the life-sustaining capacity is increased...
Please tell me, is it possible based on a decrease in Hemoglobin, Hematocrit and Erythrocytes, as well as with increased TLC and Serum iron consider that anemia is iron deficiency? Or are we talking about another type of anemia here? Should I take Sorbifer Durules?
I'm worried about harming the baby.

Thanks in advance for your help.
Best regards, Olga.

Answers Bosyak Yulia Vasilievna:

Olga, good afternoon! This question should be addressed to a hematologist. Generally speaking, the drug Sorbifer Durules is indicated for anemia in pregnant women, negative influence there will be no fruit. If you delve so deeply into the nuances of iron metabolism, then consult a highly specialized doctor.

2009-12-11 23:58:27

Olya asks:

Hello! Please help me find the cause of my condition. I am 33 years old, 4 pregnancies (1 abortion, 2 healthy children and 2 years ago a frozen pregnancy - Potau syndrome) In February 2009 I was admitted to the hospital with diagnoses of salpingitis, ophoritis, pelvioperitonitis. The cause of these diseases is not clear. In August 2009, I took tests for HSV DNA 1/2 DNACMV DNA Mykoplasma DNAureplasma DNA Trichomonas DNAgardenella DNA candida DNA Chlamydia-PLR - the result was not detected. Sowing tank - enterococcus faecalis 10 to 5 degrees. Now the following is happening: temperature 37.3 for two weeks, colostrum is being produced, Hormone tests: 5th day of the monthly cycle -
Free triioditronine 3.0 pg, ml (reference value 1.71-3.71) Thyroid-stimulating hormone 1.0982 μOd/ml (0.4-4.2) Thyroxine 1.14 ng/dl (0.70-1.48) Follicle-stimulating hormone 4.5 Od/l (foliculin phase 3.85-8, 78), Luteinizing hormone 2.81 Od/l (foliculin phase 2.39-6.60), Prolactin 23.61 ng/ml 1.20-29.93.
General urine analysis (I write only deviations): Turbid, Pitoma vaga 1.030 (1.015-1.025) protein - traces, leukocytes - single in the field of view, bacteria significantly, elements of yeast-like fungus - significantly, oxalate salts - a large number. Further General blood test - increased monocytes 0.23 when the norm is 0.3-0.8. I did an ultrasound of the kidneys - diagnosis: Ultrasound signs of chronic pyelonephritis ICD. Ultrasound-transvaginal - diagnosis of hydrosalpinx on the right, adhesive process in the pelvis. Fluorogram is normal. There are also such symptoms - constant heartburn, and very strong sputum production in the morning. Extreme fatigue. manifestations of genital herpes.
I visited a gynecologist and they prescribed the following: Plasmapheresis, Ufok, Wobenzym, Movalis, Dostinax (sanitation - Citeal or Tantum-Rosa, Hexicon suppositories, and also take tests for STDs again, and a urine test for sterility.
And my questions are: 1) what could be the reason for all this?
What other tests and examinations are needed?
Is treatment adequate for diseases that are already established?

Many thanks to all doctors who can answer.

Answers Silina Natalya Konstantinovna:

Dear Olga, your doctor chose the absolutely correct treatment tactics. Your fatigue is caused by chronic sluggishness of the pelvic organs and kidneys.

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Causes of monocytosis in pregnant women

If a girl’s monocytes are elevated during pregnancy, then the following pathologies and negative processes may be the reasons for this deviation:

Viral infections occurring in acute form. In this state of the body, monocyte and erythrocyte will develop and throw out a large number of their cells into the blood. This process is considered a completely natural defensive reaction to a stimulus;
Diseases caused by bacteria. In almost all cases, when negative bacteria enter the human body, a blood test will show an increased number of monocytes, since these are the cells that will be among the first to have a protective reaction to the irritant;
Syphilis (congenital or acquired). If a blood test shows that monocytes and red blood cells are significantly increased, but at the same time, the absolute norm of other leukocytes is observed, then the cause of this phenomenon may well be banal syphilis. It should be noted that such a pathology during pregnancy is very dangerous, since it can be easily transmitted from mother to fetus;
Malaria. With such a pathology, the norm of monocytes will also be significantly disrupted, since during malaria, as a rule, the blood somewhat changes its natural composition;
Tuberculosis. One of the most dangerous pathologies, which can occur in pregnant women, which may well ruin the fetus. Therefore, if a doctor discovers tuberculosis in a patient at any stage of development, then treatment will need to be started immediately.

Tuberculosis as a cause of monocytosis in pregnant women

Important! In some cases, monocytes and erythrocytes can actively develop after gynecological operations previously performed on the patient. However, in such a situation, monocytosis will not be accompanied by characteristic symptoms.

Symptoms of monocytosis

Often, a significant increase in monocytes during pregnancy can be seen not only in blood tests, but also in characteristic symptoms, such as:

Chronic fatigue;
Rapid fatigue that occurs even with little physical activity;
Increased body temperature (with monocytosis, the normal body temperature for a pregnant woman is about 37 - 37.5 degrees).

At first appearance similar symptoms, the patient must immediately consult a doctor and have her blood tested so that the doctor can detect and eliminate in advance negative factor, which has a detrimental effect on her body.

The main task of monocytes

Monocyte and red blood cell are white cells that can be found in the blood of any person. Their main function is to protect the body from various kinds bacteria and irritants entering the patient's blood. However, in addition to protective functions, these cells are capable of performing the following useful purposes:

Removal of dead leukocytes that periodically enter the human blood;
Acceleration of interferon production;
Providing antitumor effects on the body.

Unlike other leukocytes, monocytes and erythrocytes are able to engage in a long-term fight against infection, protecting the human body from various viral and infectious diseases, which means their value in the blood is simply considered the highest.

Features of increased monocytes during pregnancy

An increased rate of monocytes during pregnancy can easily be provoked by the immunodeficiency state of the expectant mother, in which leukocytes are released into the blood much more large quantity cytokines than in the normal state of a woman. Also, it should be noted that in the first months of pregnancy, a woman will experience an increased growth of granulocytes entering the blood, which means that an increased number of monocytes during such a period will be perceived as normal ( this phenomenon due to the fact that the expectant mother’s body is trying to adapt to new development conditions).

Based on this, if a woman shows the presence of monocytosis, then she will need to undergo a series of additional research, which will confirm, or vice versa, refute the presence of any serious pathologies in organism. If additional analysis confirms the presence of harmful bacteria in the woman’s body that have entered the blood, then correct this situation it will be possible in two ways:

Treatment at home, with the help medications. Such therapy will cleanse the blood of the expectant mother from harmful bacteria and protect her baby from any serious pathologies;
Treatment in a hospital, with serious medical intervention. This method therapy is used in cases where the monocyte rate has not been restored after home treatment(a very common occurrence in the pathology of monocytic leukemia).

In order for the norm of monocytes to be restored, doctors need to artificially increase the level of counteracting cells entering the human blood. And you can do this using special drugs, or traditional therapy.

Read also: – reasons, what the risk is for the mother and child, ways to reduce the indicators

Reasons for increased monocytes and eosinophils in a child, procedure for determining indicators According to what pathological reasons Do monocytes increase in an adult?

Increased leukocytes in the blood during pregnancy - complications and consequences. Causes elevated white blood cells. Morphology of blood of pregnant women.

Leukocytes in pregnant women increase physiologically. Comparing those who are not expecting a child with the leukocytes of pregnant women, we see an impressive difference. An excess of white blood cells is dangerous.

Leukopenia is also undesirable for a pregnant woman. In this condition, the level of leukocytes decreases. This is also dangerous. Knowing the reasons for increased and low white blood cells It's easier to take action during pregnancy.

The level of white blood cells in the blood increases when infection or inflammation occurs. The result of a study of leukocytes in women is within the range of 4-10 x 109/l, and the norm of leukocytes during pregnancy reaches 15 x109/l. For increased protection of the fetus, a larger number of leukocytes are concentrated in the uterus.

Exceeding the upper limit of this range indicates that white blood cells are elevated. This is alarming, worrying and requires additional diagnostics.

Leukocytes transmit accumulated information to offspring in the first hours after birth. This function of leukocytes is important for the survival of a generation and is transmitted only through women. Therefore, it is important for a woman to have increased immunity.

Internet discussions

Elevated leukocytes in the blood of pregnant women. Top 5 causes of leukocytosis in pregnant women

Increased level of white blood cells - leukocytosis during pregnancy occurs due to physiological or pathological reasons.

Reasons for an increase in white blood cells during pregnancy:

An increased level of leukocytes in the blood during pregnancy is accompanied by painful condition. Inflammation or infection causes discomfort. Pregnant women often struggle with infections urinary tract. And in case of inflammation Bladder or urethra leukocytes in the urine increase.

Possible causes of increased white blood cells during pregnancy:

There are also such opinions

Morphology of blood during pregnancy - monocytes, eosinophils, basophils, neutrophils

The cause of elevated white blood cells in pregnant women may be the level of individual components of cell morphology: basophils, eosinophils, neutrophils, monocytes and leukocytes.

Basophilia during pregnancy or increased basophils may indicate allergic reactions.

Neutrophil growth during pregnancy - for the presence of infection, inflammation, preeclampsia, sudden renal failure or leukemia.

Elevated monocytes during pregnancy It is relatively rare and is accompanied by tuberculosis, syphilis, tumors and infectious mononucleosis.

Increased lymphocyte count during pregnancy - lymphocytosis, often due to the presence viral infections or lymphocytic leukemia.

Why are leukocytes low during pregnancy?

A too low level of leukocytes during pregnancy indicates leukopenia. This disease is much less common than leukocytosis. A decrease in leukocytes in a pregnant woman occurs due to viral diseases: flu, viral hepatitis, measles, rubella, smallpox or HIV.

Another cause of low white blood cell counts is damage bone marrow caused by ionizing radiation or medicine.

As with leukocytosis, the causes of leukopenia are clarified by additionally determining the level of individual types of neutrophils:

Low basophils during pregnancy are a result of using certain medications or hormones

A decrease in eosinophils during pregnancy is a consequence of the use of glucocorticoids and hyperactivity of the adrenal cortex

A decrease in neutrophils during pregnancy - the presence of viral diseases, leukemia, rheumatoid arthritis and taking cytostatic drugs

Low lymphocyte counts during pregnancy are a result of aplastic anemia or recurrent viral infections

Low monocytes during pregnancy are a rare occurrence and are accompanied by glucocorticoid therapy or chronic viral infections

It is easier for a gynecologist to take precautions if the causes of increased and decreased leukocytes during pregnancy are identified.

Monocytes are part of biological material each person and occupy approximately ten percent of all leukocytes. They move in liquid and perform their main function - they devour harmful bacteria that have entered the patient’s body from the outside. These are a kind of “cleaners of the body.”

A standard analysis will help determine whether monocytes in the blood are elevated, decreased, or normal. It is also worth noting that their normal content in the liquid depends, for example, on the age of the patient. So the monocytes in the blood of a child over thirteen years old are normal - from three to eleven percent. And before this age - from two to twelve.

It is very important to monitor the amount of these substances in children. Since, for example, the fact that monocytes are elevated in a child’s blood can become a signal from the body that some disease has begun to develop in it. A blood test will help you do this - in this case, monocytes will be determined very accurately. It is carried out in a standard way. At the same time, doctors recommend taking it from time to time even if little patient do not worry about any symptoms - for the purpose of prevention.

Of course, monocytes can also be detected in the blood of adults; the norm in this case will naturally differ from that of children.

Increased monocytes in the blood: reasons

The reasons for this can be very different and most of them are very dangerous for the human body. Among them:

syphilis;
all kinds of diseases, including leukemia, which is extremely difficult to cure completely;
Also, an increase in monocytes in the blood can be caused by various viral and fungal infections;
rheumatoid arthritis, lupus erythematosus, sepsis, polyatritis;
tuberculosis; - poisoning with tetrachloroethane and/or phosphorus.

There is another situation when monocytes in the blood are low. In this case, the cause may be recent birth, anemia, acute infection, stress or strong feelings, as well as taking glucocorticoids.

Since in both cases the causes are generally very dangerous and serious, if the content of monocytes in the blood has changed, it is necessary to seek help from a specialist as soon as possible who will help understand the cause of this phenomenon.

Several more reasons should be added to this extensive list that can increase the number of monocytes in the blood, both in adults and in children.

When the results of the analysis showed a deviation from the norm, this does not always mean that increased content monocytes in the blood will require complex long-term treatment. Sometimes it is enough just to stop taking the drugs that cause this problem or simply restore the body's strength and improve nutrition.

Of course, self-medication is strictly contraindicated. Only an experienced doctor will be able to tell the patient in detail what monocytes in the blood mean and how to deal with changes in their levels.

First of all, you will need to find out the exact cause of the problem, and then, based on it, choose the appropriate therapy. Typically, by setting increased level monocytes in the blood, the doctor prescribes a person to take certain medical supplies, as well as possibly additional physiotherapeutic procedures.

Monocytes in the blood during pregnancy

Every expectant mother must regularly take all the tests prescribed for her and closely monitor her health.

Often, pregnant girls experience an increase in monocytes in the blood, the reasons for this are very harmless - the body strengthens its protective properties and by all means protects the fetus from harmful external influences. This is why the number of leukocytes increases.

Doctors explain what monocytes in the blood of the expectant mother show - how well it works the immune system. Therefore, when taking such an analysis, you need to make reference to your “interesting position”.

Even if a pregnant woman has higher levels of monocytes in her blood, this does not indicate any danger. Quite the contrary. What should make a girl worry is, rather, an analysis result when few monocytes are detected in the blood.