Causes and treatment of the ulcerative stage of gastritis. How does ulcerative gastritis manifest? Timely treatment is the key to health

Stomach ulcers and gastritis are common diseases that are accompanied by a violation digestive processes, damage to the gastric mucosa and deterioration metabolic processes. Treatment of these pathologies must be carried out under the supervision of the attending physician, since both gastritis and ulcers can provoke the development serious complications. The peculiarity of therapy is to follow a therapeutic diet and take medications. This combination will prevent further damage to the mucous membrane. AND peptic ulcer, and gastritis are treated in the same way. For more information about drugs used in the treatment of gastritis and stomach ulcers, we'll talk in this article.

Treatment of gastritis and stomach ulcers - drugs

A gastric ulcer is a disease accompanied by damage to the mucous membrane of the duodenum or stomach. There are many various reasons, can lead to the development of ulcers, but the most common is considered to be infection with Helicobacter Pylori, a pathogenic microorganism.

Gastritis is inflammatory process, affecting the patient’s gastric mucosa. Treatment of the disease depends on its form and characteristics of its course.

Therapy for peptic ulcers of the digestive system consists of a combination of the following drugs:

• antisecretory agents;
• antacids;
• inhibitors proton pump(IPP);
• antibacterial drugs;
• bismuth preparations that accelerate the healing process of ulcers.

Peptic ulcers and gastritis are treated in the same way. Two treatment algorithms are used. Scheme first line is a standard triple eradication therapy regimen. It includes taking proton pump inhibitors (standard dose - 2 times a day, the drug Nexium (esomeprazole) is most often used, but omeprazole, rabeprazole can also be used), antibiotics clarithromycin (500 mg 2 times a day) and amoxicillin (1000 mg 2 times a day).

Scheme second line, or quadruple therapy, includes taking bismuth tripotassium dicitrate (this is “De-Nol”, 120 mg 4 times a day), combined with a PPI (at a standard dose 2 times a day), tetracycline (500 mg 4 times a day) and metronidazole (500 each mg 3 times a day). The duration of quadruple therapy with bismuth preparations is 14 days.

Table. Effective drugs for the treatment of gastritis.

Name of the drug, photo	Description
	An effective drug that contains bismuth. After use, De-Nol creates a special protective film covering the walls of the patient’s stomach. This protects the mucous membrane from negative impact various factors, for example, hydrochloric acid.
	Another remedy used in medicine to treat diseases such as bronchial asthma, gastritis, stomach ulcer and so on. The drug is available in the form of tablets, ampoules and powder. Depending on the severity of the disease, the doctor may prescribe one or another form of Duspatalin.
	A medicine that controls the secretion of gastric juice. Actively used in treatment peptic ulcers duodenum or stomach. It has several contraindications, so be sure to read the instructions before use.
	An enveloping drug that, like other antigastritis drugs, creates a protective film on the walls of the patient’s stomach. This prevents stomach irritation, which is why Motilium is often used in treatment food intoxication, dyspepsia, gastritis and peptic ulcers. Available in the form of a suspension.

Traditional medicine

Many people don't trust traditional medicine, preferring to treat gastritis or stomach ulcers with folk remedies. But no matter which recipe you choose, you should definitely consult your doctor before starting treatment. IN in rare cases the effectiveness of the drugs used may decrease significantly, which will slow down the treatment process.

The most common folk remedies for the treatment of stomach ulcers and gastritis:

Important! Some doctors recommend taking folk remedies as an addition to drug treatment. But this does not mean that from traditional therapy you can refuse. The same applies to self-medication. In the case of gastritis or stomach ulcers, this can result in serious consequences for the patient.

Prevention measures

It is better not to deal with diseases such as gastritis or ulcers at all. Moreover, there are special preventive measures to prevent their occurrence. Try to follow the following recommendations, this will protect your body from many pathologies digestive system.

Step 1. Review your diet. The main factor in the treatment and prevention of gastritis or stomach ulcers is nutrition. First of all, you need to limit the consumption of too spicy, salty, sour foods. You also need to exclude fried foods from your diet, as they can provoke an increase in the level of gastric juice in the body, which, in turn, will provoke irritation of the stomach walls.

Step 2. The quality of food consumed is certainly a very important point, but equally important is the frequency and size of portions. To prevent problems with digestion and, as a result, stomach problems, you need to eat small meals. This means that the portions should be small, but their quantity should be larger. Try to keep yourself lung condition hunger. This will normalize the functioning of the digestive system, speed up metabolism and prevent various problems with the stomach.

Step 3. Give up bad habits, especially from abuse alcoholic products. It's no secret that frequent use alcohol can cause irritation of the gastric mucosa. As a result, the patient develops gastritis. But if you have already been diagnosed with gastritis, then it is advisable to stop drinking alcohol altogether.

Step 4. Avoid stressful situations. Severe stress can not only weaken immune system, but also provoke the development of gastritis and other gastrointestinal diseases. If you have a stressful job, then it is better to change it and choose a calmer one.

There are also special exercises to relieve stress and relax the body:

• breathing exercises;
• yoga;
• meditation;
• positive thinking;
• class active species sports

You can visit a psychotherapist to get the emotional support you need. Most often, those people who suffer from loneliness or lack of attention resort to his services.

Video - Medicines for gastritis and stomach ulcers

Ulcerative gastritis is a form of common disease of the stomach, intestines and other digestive organs. Pathological condition gastric mucosa causes discomfort and pain in the epigastric region. The disease provokes sudden and unpleasant pain, nausea, lack of appetite, human metabolic disorders. The form is dangerous because at a certain moment dystrophic changes tissues become irreversible, do not postpone a visit to the doctor. The appearance of vomiting mixed with blood requires urgent hospitalization. The advanced form of the disease progresses to chronic stage and worsens the patient's quality of life.

Ulcerative gastritis has characteristic features:

• Unlike the initial form of gastritis, with the erosive course of the disease, reddened, swollen and damaged areas of the mucous membrane appear on the surface of the stomach;
• has acute and chronic forms: acute form arises due to chemical poisoning or others unfavorable factors, acting toxic on the patient’s stomach; the chronic form progresses over the years due to improper eating habits, alcohol abuse and other reasons, erosion spreads gradually;
• caused by entering the body pathogenic bacteria Helicobacter pylori;
• the disease lasts for a long time;
• required long-term treatment, using a variety of techniques - medications, diets, traditional medicine;
• causes bleeding in the stomach - a type that is difficult to diagnose and difficult to treat.

The erosive form of the disease means that the walls of the stomach are slowly destroyed. If you apply for a qualified professional in time medical care, the initial stage will be limited to minor damage to the gastric mucosa, located only on the outer part. A pre-ulcerative condition occurs.

Inattention to health status, ignoring warning signs in the stomach lead to vivid symptoms. Ulcers will spread over a larger surface of the gastrointestinal tract, making it difficult to reach full recovery. Only a comprehensive long-term approach will help restore the lost health of the digestive organs. Treatment of ulcerative gastritis is labor-intensive and multicomponent.

Ulcerative gastritis is divided into types, depending on the symptoms and characteristics of the course. The main classification criterion is the location where most of the erosion is located and the degree of damage. There are different types of the disease:

The first symptoms of gastritis

Treatment method for erosive gastritis

Aimed at combating the root cause. At the first appointment, the doctor uses endoscopy to determine the type and severity of the disease. You may have a blood test, tissue biopsy, or stool test to check for hidden blood. Research will help establish the exact localization of erosions. Then specific medicinal methods gastritis treatment:

1. If an infection with Helicobacter bacteria is detected in the body, antibiotics are required. They will help neutralize and quickly destroy pathogens. Tetracycline drugs, amoxicillin and others are often prescribed. It is important to strictly follow the doctor’s prescription and not interrupt the course of antibiotic therapy, otherwise the treatment will not work and the bacteria will become resistant to the antibiotic.
2. If diagnostics reveals increased level pH in the stomach, the doctor will prescribe medications that reduce acidity in the body. The gastric mucosa needs protection and restoration of aggressive acids, it will help wide range drugs with similar effects: Rennie, magnesium hydroxide, Maalox. You cannot change medications on your own without a doctor's prescription. In an individual case, the medicine is prescribed based on the characteristic symptoms.
3. Medicines that reduce acidity impair the production of gastric juice, which is necessary for proper digestion of food. In addition to antacid therapy, synthetic pancreatic enzymes are prescribed. They are designed to improve food processing and its proper absorption.
4. To relieve stomach pain that interferes with normal life, medications that relieve spasms are prescribed. Among the famous ones are no-shpa and others.
5. The last stage is stimulation of regeneration of damaged tissues. Products that increase blood circulation and have healing properties will help. For example, trental.

Folk remedies

Perhaps this rare disease, when the attending physician advises you to turn to traditional medicine resources. The power of herbs and natural products has been known for a long time. Folk remedies can help in the regeneration of damaged membranes, after drug treatment, as maintenance therapy.

Traditional healers will advise using juice from young cabbage leaves. Should be taken for 1 month, weekly method:

• 1 week – 200 ml fresh juice mix with 200 ml water room temperature and drink 1/2 glass before meals.
• Week 2 – 400 ml cabbage juice per 200 ml warm water, drink a whole glass before meals.
• Week 3 – 600 ml of freshly squeezed cabbage juice, diluted with 200 ml of water and drink 2 glasses – the first before meals, the second after meals.
• Week 4 – drink 800 ml of juice with 200 ml of water according to the scheme, gradually returning to the original dose.

Simple accessible remedy will help with difficulties in choosing traditional therapy.

A proven vegetable used for gastritis is potatoes. The juice is squeezed out of the tubers; just grate the potatoes. Required:

• Wash, peel and grate several potatoes;
• squeeze the resulting mass through cheesecloth;
• drink half a glass of juice on an empty stomach until the symptoms of gastritis completely disappear;
• Do not store the finished juice, squeeze it into a single serving, the juice will lose healing properties in a stale state.

Disease prevention

And stomach ulcers is to get rid of bad habits and observe dietary nutrition. Therapeutic diet will be successful if you eat in fractional portions, avoiding overeating and long breaks between meals. Make it a habit to chew food thoroughly to facilitate digestion and enhance production. necessary enzymes. Food should be boiled or stewed.

Eliminate the following foods to avoid the chance of triggering an exacerbation:

• smoked and fried foods;
• spices and herbs;
• coffee and chocolate;
• sweets;
• fatty meat or fish dishes.

Introduce the following dishes into your main diet:

• liquid porridges and low-fat soups;
• stew and mashed potatoes;
• fermented milk products;
• boiled fish and eggs.

A therapeutic diet is the main preventive measure to get rid of exacerbations of gastritis. Remember, prevention of disease is much better than cure.

Recently, more and more people are suffering from diseases. gastrointestinal tract. Many people periodically suffer from heartburn, a feeling of heaviness in the stomach, or even stomach pain. But people are in no hurry to see doctors, preferring to endure the discomfort or relieve symptoms with the help of a pill or folk remedies. Over time, the first symptoms of gastritis and ulcers develop into a diagnosis. Therefore, the process should not be delayed, and a doctor should be contacted as soon as signs of the mentioned diseases appear.

Causes of gastritis and ulcers

Often the symptoms of gastritis and stomach ulcers are confused with temporary illness or food poisoning, but leaving these manifestations without drug treatment is dangerous. Gastritis is characterized by inflammation of the gastric mucosa resulting in disruption of the secretory function As a result, indigestion occurs. This process can also lead to lower levels of nutrients in the blood.

Without treatment, this disease does not go away, but only worsens and develops into a chronic form. And if a person does not want to deal with this problem further, then gastritis turns into an ulcer.

The causes of gastritis are the following factors:

As for the microflora that contributes to the development of gastritis, scientists have recently found the main culprit for inflammation of the mucous membrane - this is a bacterium helicobacter pylori, which lives in the stomach. It lives in the body in 88% of people, but more often the immune system suppresses it and the disease does not develop. But as soon as protective forces weaken, a person is exposed to stress or overwork, it rapidly begins to develop and cause inflammation.

Gastritis

To understand that you have gastritis, and not food poisoning, you need to clearly know its symptoms:

With chronic gastritis, the listed symptoms may not appear too noticeably, so it is difficult for a person to diagnose himself. Only a doctor can accurately determine whether you have gastritis or not. In addition, there are several types of gastritis:

1. Gastritis with low acidity. He is characterized by nausea in the morning, poor appetite, fast saturation, bad taste in the mouth, flatulence.
2. Gastritis with normal acidity. With it, only inflammation of the gastric mucosa is observed as a result of exposure to bacteria or chemicals.
3. Gastritis with high acidity is more common than others. He is characterized by sour belching, heartburn, nagging pain in the stomach at night and constipation.

How to prevent the development of gastritis symptoms?

To prevent exacerbation of gastritis, you need to follow some recommendations:

Peptic ulcer

A stomach ulcer is not just an inflammatory process of the mucous membrane, it is already its destruction. Often the symptoms of an ulcer are very similar to those of gastritis, but there are some distinctive points. Pain most often appears some time after eating and goes away only after taking appropriate medications. The pain may radiate to the back and spread to abdominal cavity. As with gastritis, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, bloating and poor appetite are observed.

The ulcer worsens most often in the spring and autumn. The exacerbation time can last about a month or two.

The development and exacerbation of ulcers are provoked by decreased immunity, stress, long-term use some drugs.

If left untreated, an ulcer can lead to serious complications:

How to distinguish an ulcer from gastritis

It is quite difficult to distinguish an ulcer from gastritis if you are not a doctor, since they have similar manifestations. But you can still try to recognize features. For example, with a stomach ulcer, pain often radiates to different parts of the body: the back, the heart area. And with gastritis painful sensations localized in the epigastric region.

Gastritis, unlike ulcers, can worsen at any time of the year. Basically, the exacerbation depends on the consumption of this or that food. If pain occurs at night, it is an ulcer; with gastritis, it appears only during the day.

Diagnostic tests will help accurately determine the disease:

Treatment of gastritis and ulcers

Drug treatment

Drug treatment of gastritis includes taking:

• antibiotics, for example, Tindazole;
• medications to reduce stomach acidity (Almagel, Phosphalugel and others);
• drugs that normalize the digestion process, for example, Mezim.

For ulcers, doctors prescribe the following medications:

• antibiotic, for example, Amoxicillin, Erythromycin;
• histamine blockers, which reduce the production of gastric juice, for example, Kvamatel;
• agents that neutralize hydrochloric acid, but their use is prescribed during the period of remission.

For treatment to have the desired effect, the patient must comply special diet. Spicy, smoked, and pickled foods are excluded from the diet.

In severe cases, when drugs can cause pain or exacerbation of the disease, injections are prescribed.

Treatment with folk remedies

Together with drug treatment You can use traditional medicine methods:

Please note that before you start taking folk remedies for gastritis and ulcers, you should consult a specialist. And remember that they will not be able to rid you of the disease, but are aimed only at alleviating symptoms.

Diet for gastritis and ulcers

During the treatment of gastritis and ulcers to achieve better effect It is very important to follow these rules:

1. The gastric mucosa should be absolutely at rest after eating.
2. You should not eat too large portions at one time.
3. Do not eat foods that cause excess gastric juice.
4. Meals should be separated so that the intervals between them are 3 hours.
5. Food should be soft.
6. You cannot eat more than 10 grams. salt during the day.
7. Avoid taking it too cold or hot food, since the body will need more time to absorb it.

Consume healthy foods, which contain not only fats and carbohydrates, but also proteins, vitamins and beneficial microelements.

Very useful for gastritis and ulcers are dairy and dairy products. They are able to soften gastric juice and protect the stomach walls.

If you cannot live without coffee, make it weaker and dilute it with milk.

Products must contain animals and vegetable fats. Should be added to the diet olive oil, as it promotes the healing of ulcerative wounds.

Under no circumstances should you consume fatty meat broths with spices. Do not eat spicy, fried or salty food, sausage, carbonated drinks, and alcohol.

As another and different form, causes dysfunction of the epithelial mucosa internal walls stomach. For ulcerative gastritis hydrochloric acid in digestive juice affects muscle tissue organ, penetrating a poorly functioning protective membrane. As a result, the stomach tissues become very thin and quickly thin, which can soon lead to a chronic ulcer.

Comparison of gastritis and ulcers

General factors:

1. Etiology. Gastritis and ulcers in most cases are caused by:
   • Helicobacter infection;
   • stress;
   • poor nutrition.
2. Treatment scheme. The similarity in the choice of therapeutic tactics is explained by the causes of diseases. First of all, the performance of the immune system increases.
3. Complications. Both diseases, if left untreated, can lead to stomach cancer and other serious consequences.

1. Location of erosions. With an ulcer, the submucosal layer is affected, with gastritis - the subsurface mucous layer.
2. The nature of the current. Ulcerative form gastritis is prone to rapid development with serious consequences, for example, damage to the submucosal layer of the wall. Gastric ulcers in most cases occur in a chronic form with periodic cycles of exacerbation and remission. The main complication is stomach cancer.

Causes

Provoking factors:

• permanent presence in stressful situations, prolonged nervous tension;
• failures in the regime and lack of nutritional culture: dry food, quick snacks “on the go”;
• long-term treatment with strong medications, for example, antibiotics, aspirin-containing medications;
• smoking and alcohol, especially in combination with any of the above factors;
• excessive physical exercise and frequent overwork;
• Helicobacter infection;
• poor working conditions and environment;
• severe heart and blood diseases.

Symptoms

Nausea is a symptom chronic form diseases.

The danger of ulcerative gastritis lies in the rapid progression of the disease. For the development of persistent and pronounced symptoms, 5-6 days from the onset of the action of the irritant on the stomach are sufficient. General symptoms:

• strong, sharp, spasmodic pain in the epigastric region, especially when touched;
• decreased appetite;
• constant bad taste in the oral cavity;
• vomiting with bloody inclusions;

Ulcerative gastritis exists in two forms:

• acute;
• chronic.

Each of them has specific symptoms. Symptoms of acute course:

• aching pain in the epigastrium;
• detection of near-surface erosions in the distal part of the stomach with a diameter of 1-3 mm;
• blood impurities in stool.

Symptoms of a chronic illness:

• severe nausea;
• constant heartburn and belching;
• decreased appetite;
• constant pain in the epigastrium, which worsens after eating and on an empty stomach;
• gastric bleeding in advanced forms of the disease;
• black feces with an astringent consistency;
• bloody vomiting.

Both forms can lead to persistent stomach ulcers.

Acidity in ulcerative gastritis

Ulcerative gastritis is accompanied by an increase in the secretion of glands responsible for the production digestive enzyme. Spicy erosive gastritis With increased acidity develops against the background of powerful symptoms that last up to 14 days. At proper treatment after 2 weeks, the disease recedes, and the erosions heal without leaving scars.

Chronic ulcerative gastritis characterized by fewer symptoms, but this form is incurable. Erosion in the walls of the stomach periodically scars, and under unfavorable circumstances they open again. Neglected forms give more severe symptoms and severe complications.

Diagnostics

Before prescribing a course of treatment, a number of diagnostic studies are carried out:

1. Biopsy. Analysis of a biopsy allows you to obtain data on the degree of development of the disease, its form, and confirm or refute the presence of cancer. The procedure is carried out when endoscopic examination by taking a piece of damaged tissue.
2. X-ray with contrast in the form of barium sulfate solution. After the patient swallows the substance, a series of photographs are taken. After their analysis, the condition of the organ, its functions and the performance of the gastrointestinal tract are determined, which makes it possible to identify the presence of complications.
3. Breath test. The method allows you to determine the presence of Helicobacter in the body of a patient with ulcerative gastritis. To do this, the patient inhales deeply, holds the air for a minute, then exhales into a special bag. Then he needs to drink a non-concentrated urea solution and repeat the procedure after 10 minutes. If the level of carbon dioxide in the second bag is high, the person is infected with Helicobacter.

Laboratory tests

Diagnosis of the disease includes laboratory research

Gastroscopy

The method is carried out by inserting a probe with a camera into the stomach to examine the organ cavity, esophagus, and duodenum. Anesthesia with lidocaine is performed first. Gastroscopy allows you to visualize:

• condition of the stomach walls;
• degree of development of pathology;
• number, size of erosions;
• bleeding.

Treatment

Acute erosive gastritis must be treated in a timely manner, as it develops rapidly. With the development of a chronic form, regular preventive courses of therapy are required to stop exacerbations. The course of treatment includes a set of measures to prevent the development of the disease, heal ulcers, and stop relapses.

Treatment should be with medications, traditional medicine, diet therapy, and physiotherapy.

Nutrition rules

In combination with medication treatment, diet therapy is prescribed, which gives results if the rules are strictly followed:

1. Fractional meals.
2. Portions should be no more than 250 g.
3. The number of meals should reach 6 times a day at equal intervals.
4. Dishes should be stewed, boiled in water, steamed.
5. The food consumed should be warm and crushed to a puree consistency.
6. Complete refusal harmful products and drinks.

Diet

When creating a menu for a patient with ulcerative gastritis, the following factors must be taken into account:

• yesterday's White bread, crackers, biscuits;
• soups with milk or chicken broth, from vegetables or cereals;
• steamed omelette, boiled eggs soft-boiled;
• milk, fermented milk products (yogurt, sour cream, cottage cheese), cream;
• lean varieties of meat and steamed meatballs, meat cutlets;
• River fish;
• animal fats, vegetable oils;
• pasta;
• cereals (semolina, oatmeal, buckwheat, rice);
• jelly, compotes, jelly, cream;
• juices from non-acidic berries, vegetables;
• fresh berries and fruits;
• raw vegetables;
• rosehip decoctions;
• mineral water without gas.

Prohibited:

• fried, fatty meat with fish;
• bread other than day-old white bread, baked goods, pies;
• pepper and salty dishes;
• pork, beef, lamb, lard;
• mushroom soup;
• sausages, canned food;
• ice cream;
• alcohol.