We improve a child's vision with simple but effective gymnastics. Children's gymnastics for the eyes in pictures, poems, videos
Card index
(Gymnastics for the eyes)
Prepared by the teacher:
Orishchenko Anna Sergeevna
“Eye gymnastics for older children.”
Gymnastics for the eyes
- this is one of the methods for improving the health of children; it refers to health-saving technologies, along with breathing exercises, self-massage, and dynamic pauses.
The purpose of eye gymnastics:
prevention of visual impairment in preschool children.
Tasks:
Fatigue prevention
Strengthening the eye muscles,
Relieving tension.
Gymnastics for the eyes has a beneficial effect on the performance of the visual analyzer.
Visual gymnastics should be carried out regularly 2-3 times a day for 3-5 minutes. For gymnastics, you can use small objects and various exercise equipment. Gymnastics can be carried out according to verbal instructions, using poems and nursery rhymes.
Gymnastics plan for the eyes in the senior group No. 5
(by thematic weeks)
| Month | Topic of the week | Exercise name |
| September | Kindergarten | "Happy Week" |
| Impressions of summer | "Hare" |
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| Walk in the forest | "Teremok" |
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| Gifts of Autumn | “Let's play together with Varya...» |
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| October | "Leaves» |
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| Where did the bread come from? | "Vegetables» |
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| The country in which I live | "Rain" |
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| What does the flag and coat of arms tell about Russia? | "Bus" |
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| november | We honor old people everywhere | "Warm-up for the eyes" |
| My little homeland | "Watch" |
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| "Silence" |
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| Mothers Day | "Rain" |
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| My family | "Happy Week" |
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| December | "Right, left, up and down..." |
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| Early winter | "Miracles" |
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| New Year is coming to us | "Relaxation" |
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| Christmas tree beauty | "Christmas tree" |
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| January | Me and my friends | "Warm-up for the eyes"» |
| Road children should know the rules | "Wind" |
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| We want to be healthy | "Miracles" |
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| Our creativity | "Snowflakes" |
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| February | Parents' professions | "I'm looking closely" |
| "Eyes" |
||
| Defenders of the Fatherland | "Cat" |
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| Home safety | "Happy Week" |
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| March | My most beautiful mommy | “And Varvara is watching...” |
| Feathered friends | "Spring» |
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| Book week | "Rain" |
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| "Pinocchio" |
||
| April | Humor in our life | "Oh, how high the sun is" |
| Secrets of the third planet | "Soletik"» |
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| Spring is coming - make way for spring | "Sun beam" |
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| Children from all over the world are friends | "Dragonfly" |
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| May | Victory Day | "Warm-up" |
| Let's go to the museum | "Walk in the Woods" |
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| Our Pushkin | "Flowers" |
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| Children's rights in Russia | "Bug" |
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| Summer is coming | "Happy Week" |
"Happy week"
lower your eyes, head motionless; (relieves eye strain).
Tuesday
On Tuesday there are hours of eyes,
They look here and there,
They go left, they go right,
They will never get tired.
Turn your eyes to the right side, and then to the left side, the head is motionless; (relieves eye strain).
Wednesday
On Wednesday we play blind man's buff,
Close our eyes tightly.
One two three four five,
Let's open our eyes.
We close our eyes and open,
So we continue the game.
(an exercise to relieve eye strain).
Thursday
On Thursdays we look into the distance
There's no time for this,
What's near and what's far
You should look at your eyes.
Look straight ahead, place your finger at a distance of 25-30 cm from your eyes, turn your gaze to the tip of your finger and look at it, lower your hand. (Strengthens the eye muscles and improves their coordination).
Friday
We didn't yawn on Friday
The eyes ran around.
Stop, and again,
Run in the other direction.
Raise your eyes up, right, down, left and up; and back: left, down, right and up again; (improves complex eye movements).
Saturday
Even though Saturday is a day off,
We are not lazy with you.
We look for corners,
To make the pupils move.
Look at the upper right corner, then the lower left; move your gaze to the upper left corner and lower right (improves complex eye movements).
Sunday
We'll sleep on Sunday
And then we'll go for a walk,
To harden your eyes
You need to breathe air.
Close your eyelids, massage them using circular movements of your fingers: the upper eyelid from the nose to the outer edge of the eyes, the lower eyelid from the outer edge to the nose, then vice versa (relaxes the muscles and improves blood circulation).
Gymnastics for the eyes in September
| 1. "Hare" |
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| Raise the carrot up and look at it. | They look up. Eyes look up - down, right - left. The eyes are closed |
| 2. "Teremok" |
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| Terem - terem - teremok! | Movement of the eyes from right to left. |
| 3. “Let’s play together with Varya...” |
|
| Let's play together with Varya: | |
Gymnastics for the eyes in October
1.
They blink their eyes.
2. "Leaves"
Oh, how the leaves are flying,
All colors are burning
Maple leaf, carved leaf,
Multi-colored, painted.
Shu-shu-shu, shu-shu-shu.
How I rustle a leaf.
But suddenly a breeze blew,
Our leaf is spinning
Flew overhead
Red, yellow, gold.
Under the guys' feet
The leaves rustle merrily,
Let's go for a walk now
And collect bouquets.
Circular movements of the eyes
Look left - right.
Look up and down.
Circular movements of the eyes
Look left - right.
Look up and down.
Look down.
Look up.
Look left - right.
Close your eyes and stroke your eyelids with your index finger.
3. "Vegetables"
The donkey walks, chooses,
Doesn't know what to eat first.
The plum is ripe at the top,
And nettles grow below,
On the left - beets, on the right - rutabaga.
On the left is pumpkin, on the right is cranberry.
Below is fresh grass,
On top there are juicy tops.
I couldn't choose anything
And he fell to the ground without strength.
Circle your eyes.
Look up.
Look down.
Look left - right.
Left - right.
Look down.
Look up.
4. "Rain"
Rain, rain, more rain.
Drops, drops, don’t be sorry.
Just don't kill us.
Don't knock on the window in vain.
They look up.
They look down.
5. "Bus"
We are sitting on the bus
We look in all directions.
We look back, we look forward,
But the bus is unlucky.
Below the river is deep,
At the top of the bird - high.
The brushes rustle on the glass,
They want to sweep away all the droplets.
The wheels are spinning
We rolled forward.
Gymnastics for the eyes in November
1 . Close your eyes, then blink 10 times.
2. "Clock"
Tick tock, tick tock
All clocks go like this:
tick-tock, tick-tock,
Left once, right once,
We can do this too
Tick tock, tick tock.
3. "Silence"
We are all a little tired.
I suggest you rest.
Rest our ears
We will listen to silence.
And we close our eyes
And let them rest.
In silence imagine the sea,
Fresh wind in the open air.
A wave follows a wave,
And there is silence in the area.
Our eyes are so tired
We wrote, we drew,
Let's stand together in order,
Let's do some exercises for the eyes.
4. "Rain"
The first drop fell - drop!
And the second one came running - drop!
We looked at the sky
The droplets sang “drip-drip”,
Wet their faces
We wiped them off.
Shoes - look -
They became wet.
Let's move our shoulders together
And shake off all the droplets
Let's run away from the rain
Let's sit under a bush.
From above, show the trajectory of the drop with your finger, with your eyes up.
The same. They look up. They wipe their face with their hands.
They point with their hands down and look down with their eyes.
Shoulder movements.
They squat and blink their eyes.
5 . "Happy Week"
Gymnastics for the eyes in December
1
. Right, left, up and down.
Animals, birds, oh, hold on!
Looked all around - run for the prey!
2. "Miracles"
We close our eyes, these are the miracles.
Our eyes are resting
The exercises are performed.
And now we will open them,
We will build a bridge across the river.
Let's draw the letter o, it turns out easy.
Let's lift up, look down,
Let's turn right, left,
Let's start practicing again.
Close both eyes.
They continue to stand with their eyes closed.
They open their eyes and draw a picture of the bridge with their gaze.
Draw the letter o with your eyes.
Eyes go up, down.
The eyes look left and right.
Eyes look up and down.
3. "Relaxation"
We played and drew)
Our eyes are so tired
We'll give them a rest
Let's close them for a little while.
Now let's open them
And we blink a little.
The actions in question are performed
4. "Christmas tree"
Here is a big Christmas tree, (Perform circular movements with the eyes.)
That's how tall .(Look from bottom to top.)
It has big branches.
This is the width. (Look from left to right.)
There are even cones on the tree, (Look up.)
And below is the bear’s den. (Look down.)
The clubfoot sleeps there during the winter
And sucks his paw in the den . (Close your eyes, then blink 10 times.)
Gymnastics for the eyes in January
1
. Look up.
Look down.
Blink quickly.
2. "Wind"
The wind is blowing in our faces.
The tree swayed.
The wind is quieter, quieter, quieter...
The trees are getting higher and higher.
They blink their eyelids frequently.
Slowly squat
looking down.
Without turning your head,
look right - left.
They stand up and look up.
3. "Miracles"
We close our eyes, these are the miracles (Close both eyes)
Our eyes are resting and doing exercises. (They continue to stand with their eyes closed.)
And now we will open them and build a bridge across the river. (Open their eyes and draw a bridge with their gaze.)
Let's draw the letter o, it turns out easy (Draw the letter o with your eyes.)
Let's lift up, look down, (Eyes look up, down.)
Let's turn right, left, (Eyes look left and right.)
Let's start practicing again.
4. "Snowflakes"
We saw a snowflake -
played with a snowflake.
(Children take a snowflake in their hand. Stretch the snowflake forward in front of them, focus their gaze on it)
Snowflakes flew to the right, (Move the snowflake to the right, follow the movement with your gaze.)
The children looked to the right.
Now the snowflakes have flown,
Eyes looked to the left (Move the snowflake to the left, follow the movement with your gaze.)
The wind lifted the snow up
And he lowered it to the ground... (Raise the snowflakes up and down. Children look up and down.)
All! They lay down on the ground. (sit down, lowering the snowflake to the floor.)
We close our eyes,
The eyes are resting. (Close your eyes with your palms.)
Gymnastics for the eyes in February
1 . And I look carefully
I rise up, I fly.
I don't want to go back
Make a rotational movement in front of the chest and follow with your gaze.
Stand on tiptoes and perform a flying movement
2. "Eyes"
We do gymnastics for the eyes
We do it every time.
Right, left, around, down,
Don’t be lazy to repeat.
Strengthening the eye muscles.
We'll see better right away.
3. "Cat"
Now the window has opened,
The cat went out onto the ledge.
The cat looked up.
The cat looked down.
Here I turned to the left.
She watched the flies.
Stretched and smiled
And she sat down on the ledge.
She turned her eyes to the right,
I looked at the cat.
And covered them with my hands
They spread their arms to the sides.
They imitate the soft, graceful gait of a cat.
They look up.
They look down.
They look to the left.
The gaze traces the “fly” from the left shoulder to the right.
Children squat.
They look straight.
Cover your eyes with your hands.
4 . "Happy Week"
Gymnastics for the eyes in March
1
. And Varvara looks up -
above all, farthest!
And now he looks down,
And now I closed my eyes,
And she opened and closed.
We are cheerful and vigorous again,
And ready to go!
The eyes are not tense and relaxed.
Our eyes tensed
2. "Spring"
Everything has woken up from sleep, which means spring has come to us.
The sun is getting warmer, let's go for a walk soon!
On the right - the first flowers appeared on the meadow.
On the left - a fast stream flowed from the hillock to the river.
We made a boat
They decided to let it into the stream.
Sail away, my little boat, straight to the blue river!
This is how fun it is to play and walk on a spring day!
The earth breathes freshness,
I’ll breathe “spring” too!
Sipping
Throwing the fingers out of the fist while simultaneously raising the arms up to the sides.
The right hand is moved to the side while fixing the direction with the gaze.
The left hand is moved to the side while fixing the direction with the gaze.
Place your palms together in front of your chest.
Removing folded palms forward from yourself.
We wave our palms, saying goodbye to the boat.
Light bouncing in place.
3. "Rain"
The first drop fell - drop!
And the second one ran through - drop!
We looked at the sky
The droplets began to sing, drip-drip,
Faces got wet.
We wiped them off.
Shoes - look -
They became wet.
Let's move our shoulders together
And shake off all the droplets.
Let's run away from the rain.
Let's sit under a bush.
From above, a finger shows the trajectory of its movement.
They wipe their face with their hands.
They point down and look.
Shoulder movements.
They squat.
4. "Pinocchio"
Pinocchio stretched,
Right - turned left,
Looked down - looked up
And he sat down quietly.
They stand on their toes, raise their hands and look at their fingertips.
Without turning their heads, they look up and down, right and left.
Gymnastics for the eyes in April
1 . Oh, how high the sun is.
We'll close our eyes now.
Let's build a rainbow in class.
Let's go up the rainbow.
Let's turn right, left,
And then we'll slide down.
Squint your eyes hard, but hold on.
Blink your eyes.
Look left - right.
Look up.
Close your eyes with your palms.
Look in an upward arc.
Right and up - left.
We turn right, left.
Look down.
Close your eyes, open and
blink them.
2. "Airplane"
An airplane flies by
I got ready to fly with him,
He took the right wing away and looked.
Left wing withdrawn
I looked.
They look up and follow an imaginary plane with their finger,
They move their hands away alternately and follow with their gaze.
3. “Ray of Sunshine”
Ray, mischievous ray,
Come play with me.
Come on, little ray, turn around,
Show yourself to me.
I'll look to the left,
I will find a ray of sunshine.
Now I'll look to the right
I will find the ray again.
Blinking their eyes
Make circular movements with their eyes.
They look away to the left.
They look away to the right.
4. "Dragonfly"
This is what a dragonfly is like - like pea eyes.
Left - right, back - forward -
Well, just like a helicopter.
We're flying high.
We're flying low.
We fly far.
We fly close.
They make glasses with their fingers.
Eyes look left and right.
Circular eye movements.
They look up.
They look down.
They look ahead.
They look down.
Gymnastics for the eyes in May
1
. We'll put our palms to our eyes,
Let's spread our strong legs.
Turning to the right
Let's look around majestically,
Look from under your palms.
And to the right, and again
Over the left shoulder.
Let's spread our legs with the letter “L”,
Just hands on hips.
Leaned left, right.
It turns out great!
Hands to the side.
Turn right
Turn left.
Turn right.
Turn left.
2. "A Walk in the Woods"
We went for a walk.
Mushrooms - look for berries.
How beautiful this forest is
It is full of different miracles.
The sun is shining above,
Here is a fungus growing on a stump,
A blackbird sits on a tree,
A hedgehog rustles under a bush.
On the left there is a spruce growing - an old woman,
On the right are pine trees - girlfriends.
Where are you, berries, ah! I'll find you anyway!
They walk in place.
They look up.
They look down, up, right, left.
3. “Flowers”
Our scarlet flowers are opening their petals.
The breeze breathes slightly, the petals sway,
Our scarlet flowers cover their petals,
They quietly fall asleep, shaking their heads.
Let's look up
blink quickly
close your eyes,
look around.
4. "Beetle"
The beetle flew up to the crane,
He buzzed and sang “W-w-w”
So he flew to the right,
So he flew to the left.
A beetle wants to sit on your nose,
Beetle, here is the right palm,
Sit on it for a while.
Beetle, here is the left palm,
Sit on it for a while
The beetle flew up
And he sat down on the ceiling.
We stood up on our toes,
But we didn't get the beetle.
Let's clap together - Clap-clap-clap,
So that he could fly away. “W-w-w.”
Children sit on the floor and stretch their legs forward.
The index finger of the right hand is a beetle.
Children turn it right, left, up, down, following the text.
Children alternately extend their right and left arms forward and look at the palm.
They get to their feet, stretch up on their toes and clap their hands, slowly lowering their hands.
5 . "Happy Week"
Card file of gymnastics for the eyes
EYE GYMNASTICS AS A HEALTH-SAVING TECHNOLOGY
Health is not everything, but everything without health is nothing.
Socrates
In the age of information technology, the body of children and adults is exposed to great influence of factors that negatively affect health. It’s no secret that phones, computers, tablets, and TVs put a daily strain on the visual apparatus of children, even preschoolers. Therefore, preventive and corrective work with the visual organs appears today as a necessary component of the educational activities of preschool educational institutions.
It is important not only to teach children to perform special exercises in the system, but also to understand the need to take care of their vision and health in general.
One of the forms of work on the prevention and correction of visual impairment and visual fatigue is visual gymnastics.
Gymnastics for the eyes is one of the techniques for improving the health of children; it belongs to health-saving technologies, along with breathing exercises, self-massage, and dynamic pauses.
The purpose of eye gymnastics: prevention of visual impairment in preschool children.
Tasks:
Fatigue prevention
Strengthening the eye muscles
Relieving tension.
General improvement of the visual system.
Gymnastics for the eyes has a beneficial effect on the performance of the visual analyzer and the entire body.
Conditions: It does not require special conditions. Any gymnastics for the eyes is performed while standing.
Time: Runs for 2-4 minutes.
Rule: When performing exercises, the head is motionless (unless otherwise indicated).
For children with visual impairments, exercises involving prolonged and sudden head tilt are contraindicated.
The technique is a visual demonstration of the teacher’s actions.
When planning GCD using ICT 1 time per week, we recommend learning and using 1 gymnastics for the eyes in verses in a month, and 4 times using gymnastics with or without objects, in the form of complexes of movements.
If eye gymnastics is used by a teacher in a health-saving system every day, then it is recommended to plan for a week to learn and perform 1 complex in poetic form, combining it 1 or 2 times with complexes of another type.
Based on the name of the eye gymnastics, it is easy to match it to the topic of GCD.
When planning, it is recommended to take into account the principle of complication, first practicing simple eye movements: right-left, up-down, circular movements, squinting, blinking, protruding the eyes, and then using them along the floor of a more complex poetic text in various combinations. The poetic text should also be used small at first (up to 4 lines), and then move on to more complex and longer ones.
Types of gymnastics.
According to the use of artistic words, gymnastics for the eyes can be divided into those that have poetic accompaniment and those that are performed without it.
Based on the use of additional attributes, 4 types can be distinguished:
With objects or working with cards located on the walls. They have small silhouette images of objects, letters, syllables, numbers, geometric shapes, etc. (the size of the depicted objects is from 1 to 3 cm). At the request of the teacher, the children get up and perform a number of tasks: look for pictures on the walls that are the answer to the riddle; find images of objects whose names contain the desired sound, etc.
Without attributes (no objects or posters are used);
Using special fields, any colored figures are depicted (oval, figure eight, wave, spiral, rhombus, etc.) or intricately crossed lines of different colors 1 cm thick. This poster is placed above eye level in any convenient place (above the board , on the side wall and even on the ceiling). At the request of the teacher, children begin to “run” their eyes along a given trajectory. At the same time, it is advisable to give each exercise a playful or creative character. You can attach a butterfly or a character on the topic to the tip of the pointer and go on a journey);
Using ICT. There are specialized programs aimed at relieving tension and correcting vision. As a rule, they are expensive and are little used in preschool educational institutions. But it’s easy to create multimedia gymnastics for the eyes yourself, using the PowerPoint program to create presentations, where any object can be given a specific movement (Animation tools). This is convenient when using direct educational activities based on a presentation, when the teacher selects pictures on a topic and inserts it into the desired stage.
The most interesting are the gymnastics for the eyes, which use objects or tasks in poetic form, movements along certain paths, tasks to find objects and pictures in different parts of the group.
Card file of gymnastics for the eyes
Complex 1.
Helps relieve static tension in the eye muscles, improve blood circulation (i.e. while sitting).
Close your eyes tightly and then open your eyes wide at intervals of 30 seconds. (five to six times).
Look up, down, left, right without turning your head (three to four times).
Rotate your eyes in a circle for 2 - 3 seconds. (three to four times).
Blink quickly (1 min.).
Look into the distance while sitting in front of the window (3 – 4 min.).
Complex 2.
Helps relieve fatigue, improve blood circulation, and relax the eye muscles (i.e. standing).
Look straight ahead (2-3 seconds), placing your index finger at a distance of 25 - 30 cm from the eyes, look at the tip of the finger, look at it for 2-3 seconds, lower your hand (four - five times).
Lower your head, look at the toe of your left foot; raise your head, look at the toe of your left foot; raise your head, look at the upper right corner of the room; lower your head, look at the toe of your right foot; raise your head, look at the upper left corner of the room (feet shoulder-width apart) (three to four times).
Look at the tops of the trees in front of the window; look over and name any object on the ground; find birds or a plane in the sky and follow it with your gaze, name a vehicle passing by or standing on the side of the road.
Complex 3.
Improves the circulation of intraocular fluid, restores blood circulation (ip. - sitting).
With three fingers of each hand, lightly press the upper eyelid of the eye of the same name (1-2 sec.); move your fingers away (three to five times).
Look at the ends of the fingers of the hand extended forward (along the midline of the face); slowly bring your index finger closer to your face without looking away from it (three times).
Move your half-bent right hand with the toy to the side; slowly move the toy from right to left, watching it with both eyes; the same thing in the opposite direction (four to five times).
Complex 4.
Helps improve coordination of eye and head movements, develop complex movements, improve the functions of the vestibular apparatus (i.p. - standing).
Raise your eyes up, look down; look to the right, to the left, without turning your head (three to four times).
Raise your head up; make circular movements with your eyes clockwise, counterclockwise (two to three times).
Look at the left toe; raise your head, look at the chandelier; lower your head, look at your right toe; raise your head, look at the chandelier (two to three times).
Complex 5.
Trains the eye muscles, improves the elasticity of the eyelids, restores the circulation of intraocular fluid.
I.p. - sitting on the floor. Legs bent at the knees, arms resting behind; turn your head back and see objects located behind you (twice).
I.p. – standing, hands on a stick located vertically. Move your hands away from the stick to the sides and manage to hold the serving stick; alternately grab the stick with both hands (repeat three to four times).
I.p. - standing. “Hide your eyes” (close your eyes). “Who has the bigger eyes” (open your eyes wide).
Complex 6.
I.p. – standing, hands with the ball below. Raise the ball to face level, look at it with wide open eyes; drop the ball; raise the ball to face level, squint your eyes, look at the ball; lower it.
I.p. – standing, the ball on your arms outstretched in front of you. Move your hands left and right, follow the ball with your eyes (five to six times)
I.p. – standing, hands with the ball below. Perform slow circular rotations with your hands from bottom to top, to the right and left, watching the ball with your eyes (four to five times).
I.p. – standing, ball on outstretched arms. Bend your arms, bring the ball to your nose; return to SP, watch the ball (four to five times).
Complex 7.
Make a diagonal movement in one direction and the other, moving your eyes straight to the count of 1-6. Repeat 3-4 times.
Without turning your head, with your eyes closed, “look” to the right at the count 1-4 and straight at the count 1-6. Raise your eyes up to the count of 1-4, lower your eyes to the count of 1-4 and move your gaze straight to the count of 1-6. Repeat 4-5 times.
Look at the index finger, distant from the eyes at a distance of 25-30 cm, and on the count of 1-4 bring it closer to the tip of the nose, then move your gaze into the distance on the count of 1-6. Repeat 4-5 times.
Complex 8.
On the count of 1-4, close your eyes, without straining the eye muscles, on 1-6, open your eyes wide, look into the distance. Repeat 4-5 times.
Look at the tip of your nose for the count of 1-4, and then look into the distance for the count of 1-6. Repeat 4-5 times.
Without turning your head, slowly make circular movements with your eyes up-right-down-left and in the opposite direction. Then look into the distance at the score 1-6. Repeat 4-5 times.
Keeping your head still, move your gaze, fixing it, to the count of 1-4 up, to the count of 1-6 straight; then similarly down-straight, right-straight, left-straight.
Complex 9.
Blink quickly, close your eyes and sit quietly for 5 seconds.
Close your eyes tightly for a few seconds, open them and look into the distance.
Extend your right arm forward. Follow with your eyes the slow movements of the index finger: left - right, up and down.
While sitting, place your hands on your belt, turn your head to the right and look at the elbow of your left hand, and vice versa.
Use your index fingers to make light point-to-point massaging movements of the upper and lower eyelids.
Complex10
It is performed standing, each child has a toy (drawing) in his hands.
1. “Look how beautiful ... came to visit you. (2--3 sec). Look what I have... (2-3 sec).
Now look at yours again... (2-3 seconds).” Repeat 4 times.
2. “... our people are cheerful, they like to run and jump. Watch carefully with your eyes: ... jumped up, sat down, ran to the right, to the left.” Repeat 4 times.
3. “Matryoshka dolls love to dance in circles. They will walk in a circle, and we will follow them with our eyes.” Repeat 4 times.
4. “My ... really likes to play hide and seek. Now you close your eyes tightly, and she will hide. Let’s try to find it with our eyes.” Repeat 4 times
Complex 11.
Rain, rain, more rain.
They look up.
Drip, don’t regret the drops.
They look down.
Just don't kill us.
Don't knock on the window in vain
Complex 12.
The wind is blowing in our faces.
They blink their eyelids frequently.
The tree swayed.
Without turning their heads, they look left and right.
The wind is quieter, quieter, quieter...
Slowly squat down, lowering their eyes down.
The trees are getting higher and higher.
They stand up and look up.
Complex 13.
"Nose Painting"
Children need to look at the sign and remember the object (related to the topic of the lesson). Close eyes. Imagine that your nose has become so long that it reaches the sign. You need to write the selected element with your nose. Open your eyes, look at the sign.
Complex 14.
We close our eyes, these are the miracles.
Close both eyes
Our eyes are resting and doing exercises.
They continue to stand with their eyes closed.
And now we will open them and build a bridge across the river.
They open their eyes and draw a picture of the bridge with their gaze.
Let's draw the letter o, it turns out easy.
Draw the letter o with your eyes.
Let's lift up, look down,
Eyes go up, down.
Let's turn right, left,
The eyes look left and right.
Let's start practicing again.
Complex 15.
"Snowflakes"
We saw a snowflake
They played with a snowflake.
Snowflakes flew to the right,
The children looked to the right.
Now the snowflakes have flown,
The children looked to the left.
The wind lifted the snow up
And he lowered it to the ground...
Children look up and down.
Everyone lay down on the ground.
We close our eyes,
The eyes are resting.
Complex 16.
Sun beam
Ray, mischievous ray,
Come play with me.
They blink their eyes.
Come on, little ray, turn around,
Show yourself to me.
Make circular movements with their eyes.
I'll look to the left,
I will find a ray of sunshine.
They look away to the left.
Now I'll look to the right
I will find the ray again.
They look away to the right.
Complex 17.
Running on the paths.
Movements are performed along colored stripes. You can put any object on the topic on the pointer and ask the children to follow it with their eyes. Along the black circle clockwise, along the red circle counterclockwise, along the blue line to the right and left, along the yellow line up and down, and along the green circles - a figure eight movement. Each movement is performed 4-6 times.
Complex 18.
This manual is placed in a group room or computer lab. Children's eyes relax when looking at the color spectrum.
Undoubtedly, of all types of sensitivity, vision has the most influence on personality development in every sense. Therefore, eye health should be maintained from a very early age. When it comes to visual hygiene in children, responsibility for the quality of activities aimed at restoring and strengthening visual abilities falls on the shoulders of preschool teachers, school teachers and, first of all, parents.
One of the simplest and most effective ways to maintain a child’s vision at the proper level is visual gymnastics.
Causes of eye diseases
Vision in children can decrease due to various factors. The main ones are discussed below.
Genetic predisposition
If one of the parents (or both) has any ophthalmological pathology, then the likelihood that the child will sooner or later develop similar problems increases sharply. Therefore, you should not wait until his vision begins to decline. You should visit an ophthalmologist to prevent or detect diseases at an early stage.
In our age of smartphones and gadgets, this is one of the most common causes of vision loss in children. Throughout the day, children's eyes are exposed to television, computers, tablets, smartphones, etc.
It can also be caused by reading too close to the book, in poor lighting, or without a break for a long time. Of course, at the heart of this problem is the negligence of parents who, out of frivolity, allow their child to use gadgets uncontrollably or sit for hours in front of the TV.
Children's eyes need rest and it is better to the alternation of loads and rest was within a certain daily routine. Visual fatigue in the initial stages is manifested by headache, dizziness, sleep disturbance, pain and burning in the eyes.
It is necessary to pay attention to these symptoms in a timely manner and limit the child as much as possible from “communication” with a computer, TV and other similar “toys”.
Vitamin deficiency
This problem is also acute among a large number of schoolchildren and younger children. Organizing healthy children's nutrition has a great impact on the quality of vision and overall health.
A child’s daily diet should contain in optimal quantities all the vitamins and microelements necessary for the normal development of the child’s body. If a child systematically does not receive enough vitamins A, B, D, as well as zinc and iron from food, then over time he may develop vision problems.
This problem is now quite relevant and is mainly due to the fact that children from a very early age, with the connivance of their parents, an addiction to unhealthy foods develops: a variety of fast food, chips, confectionery delights, sweet carbonated drinks, etc. Naturally, such food cannot contain enough nutrients and vitamins, which are so important in childhood.
Reading at an early age
There are many fathers and mothers who try by all means to instill in their child a love of books at a very early age, hoping that this child’s inclination will definitely remain with him for the rest of his life. The goal is good, but more often it happens that because of this the child acquires persistent visual dysfunction.
The eyes of young children (up to 4 years old) are designed in such a way that reading for a long time without a break very quickly leads to decreased vision. During this age period, the child absorbs a lot of information, but it must be conveyed to him in different forms.
The maximum time that a child at this age can spend reading a book without harming his health is 15-20 minutes a day.
Diseases
Pathologies of the spine, central nervous, endocrine, immune and other systems. As you know, there is not a single isolated system in the human body. Everything affects everything. Therefore, there are often cases when decreased vision is associated with some organic pathology of other organs.
Insufficient level of physical activity
For the visual system to function normally, it is necessary that cells and tissues are regularly saturated with sufficient oxygen. One of the main ways to maintain tissue oxygen levels at a decent level is to remain physically active.
In recent years, the level of physical activity among children (especially for urban residents) has decreased significantly. This is largely due to the fact that traditional outdoor games could not withstand competition with computers and television.
Neglect of prevention
When a child’s complaints, even if seemingly insignificant at first glance, are left without proper attention from the parents, the disease will progress.
In most such cases, medical help is sought when vision is reduced several times. That's why It is important to contact an ophthalmologist when the first symptoms of visual impairment appear in a child.
Purpose of gymnastics
The main task of visual gymnastics is to strengthen the eye muscles. Like any other muscle in our body, they can weaken, which will affect the quality of vision. Therefore, a set of simple exercises is aimed at preventing a decrease in visual acuity.
Usually For the first time, a child learns about visual gymnastics when he comes to kindergarten. Many different methods of conducting physical exercises have been developed for children of all ages. They mostly come in the form of games or poetry.
Thanks to regular visual gymnastics, a child from an early age develops an awareness that vision is very important for a person and must be protected.
If parents take a responsible attitude towards the health of their child, he will be able to transfer these useful skills into adulthood.
With the help of visual gymnastics, you can not only prevent the development of numerous eye diseases, but also restore vision. Thanks to exercises, the functionality of the visual apparatus is restored and the trophism of nearby tissues improves.
If visual gymnastics has become habitual for a child during his stay in kindergarten, then there is a high probability that when he becomes a schoolchild, he will also take visual hygiene seriously, thanks to which he will be able to avoid numerous health problems.
The main goals of visual gymnastics:
- improving not only the visual, but also the mental abilities of the child, due to the fact that with the help of a number of exercises the speed of processing visual information increases;
- ensuring proper eye rest;
- prevention of eye diseases;
- restoration of visual function in children with reduced vision;
- Providing a calming effect on all parts of the nervous system.
If you follow all the rules of visual gymnastics, the positive effect will come very soon.
Main aspects of the technique
Caring parents need to know that in children born prematurely and in children with weakened immune systems, the risk of developing myopia (myopia) increases significantly. There is also a high risk of this disease occurring in children with a family history. In such cases, from a very early age the child must take preventive measures to prevent the development of this disease.
Strengthening the eye muscles plays an important role in maintaining normal vision. Regular visual gymnastics will help with this. Everyone knows that small children are fidgety, so visual gymnastics should not be a set of “dry” rules.
Children should be interested, and they must get involved in the process, and also try to follow all the recommendations exactly, otherwise there will be no benefit from such gymnastics. Therefore, more often in preschool institutions, eye gymnastics is carried out in the form of a game.
The principle of the beneficial effects of visual exercises is alternately tensing and relaxing the eye muscles, which helps them cope with increasing loads in the future. One of the main keys to successful gymnastics is systematicity, that is, the positive effect of such exercises will be obvious only when the child performs them regularly.
Visual gymnastics for preschool children is carried out on average 3 times a day for 5 minutes. Ophthalmologists have developed a set of standard eye exercises, recommended for use in preschool institutions. The following is a list of some of them:
- Large multi-colored circles (made of colored paper or cardboard) are attached to the ceiling. The child should look carefully at each of them for 8-10 seconds. When moving his gaze from one circle to another, it is important that the child moves only his eyes, and his head must remain in a motionless position. When the baby has finished looking at the circles, he should close his eyelids for 10-15 seconds. Then repeat the exercise again.
- The child tries as hard as he can to close his eyelids for 5 seconds, then suddenly relax them. In this order, repeat the exercise several times.
- The child, without moving his head, slowly raises his eyes up and down, and then left and right. For a small child, it is better that he can fix his gaze on some object that corresponds to one of the extreme points.
- You need to attach a picture with a complex pattern to the wall or ceiling. The child should, without moving his head, carefully look at all the lines. After performing this exercise, you need to take a break for at least 10 minutes.
- The child alternately fixes his gaze on the object that is farthest away and then on the object that is closest to him.
These are just a few of the simplest exercises to strengthen the eye muscles. For your child, you can find a wider list of guidelines developed by modern specialists in the field of pediatric and adolescent ophthalmology.
It is important to remember that even the most exciting game exercises, when performed daily (and this is precisely what a serious approach to visual gymnastics requires), can bore even the most adventurous child. Then he will carry them out formally, without initial diligence. Therefore, it is recommended to change the set of exercises from time to time.
You can find many eye exercises in poetry - with this you can captivate your baby even more. Another way to avoid routine is change the situation periodically, that is, do gymnastics not only at home or in kindergarten, but also while walking.
Be sure to ask the kindergarten teacher if visual gymnastics is included in the children’s daily routine. Several vision training techniques have been developed for preschool institutions:
- using wall or ceiling exercise machines;
- play gymnastics in the form of games, songs or poems;
- looking at schematic drawings and tables;
- use of stereoscopic images (the image must be printed on paper and not on electronic media, as this can create unnecessary tension for the eye muscles).
Gymnastics
For myopia
If you notice that your child has difficulty distinguishing objects that are at a sufficient distance from him, then he may have myopia (nearsightedness). In this case, the child should immediately be shown to an ophthalmologist.
The cause of this disease is a decrease in the functional activity of the ciliary muscle, which is responsible for the degree of tension of the lens. Because of this, the shape of the eyeball is distorted, taking on an ellipsoidal shape, as a result of which the reflected rays are focused not on the surface of the retina, but slightly in front. Therefore, a child can only examine an object in detail from a close distance.
This condition can be corrected by constantly wearing glasses, hardware treatment, physiotherapy, night lenses, medications (eye drops, vitamin complexes, etc.), laser correction.
For this case, a set of eye exercises has been developed. They are simple to perform even for the smallest children, but at the same time have a pronounced therapeutic effect:
- The baby begins to blink as quickly as possible within a minute. After a short break, you need to repeat the exercise again.
- The child should close his eyes tightly and remain in this position for 5-7 seconds, after which he should open his eyes wide. Repeat the exercise 5 times.
- Slowly move your gaze from the ceiling to the floor and back again. Repeat the exercise 3 times.
- Invite your child to rub his palms together, and then, when they warm up, apply them to his eyelids for a few seconds.
- The baby needs to fix his gaze on the tip of his nose for a few seconds. Then close your eyes. Repeat the exercise 5 times in this order.
At the end of the gymnastics, you can massage the child’s eyelids with light circular movements or offer him to do it yourself. The load must be strong! Overfatigue during physical exercise can have the opposite effect, so during exercises, carefully monitor the child’s condition.
For childhood hypermetropia (farsightedness)
Children's farsightedness is due to the fact that light rays are focused not on the retina, but beyond it. Because of this, the child cannot accurately see objects that are at a close distance from him. If a child under eight years of age is diagnosed with mild or moderate hypermetropia, this may be a variant of the physiological norm and be associated with the relatively small size of the eyeball and its slightly flattened shape. As children grow older, their visual system becomes more advanced and vision problems go away on their own.
To prevent children's farsightedness from taking on a permanent form, You should regularly do visual gymnastics with your child:
- First you need to properly prepare your muscles for exercise. The following exercise is suitable for this: the baby takes a horizontal position, and with two palms tries to close his eyes as tightly as possible (it is advisable that no light penetrates through them at all). This simple exercise will help relieve excess tension from the eye muscles.
The development of the visual apparatus begins in the womb, and is completed only by the age of 12 - before this age it is easy to worsen an already fragile system. A predisposition to myopia, farsightedness and other visual impairments in children can lead to dire consequences due to overwork, heavy workload at school, or simply due to a cold. Unfortunately, few people think that eye exercises should begin in childhood - at this time it is most effective and gives greater results. When school begins, a child is bombarded with a large amount of information; he has to sit a lot and move little; besides, not in all schools the furniture implies at least some concern for the child’s health or simply does not harm him - all this leads to overwork, fatigue, eye strain. Therefore, it is important to do eye exercises for children both during classes at school and at home.
Children's eye gymnastics differs from others in that it is accompanied by poems, songs, sayings and sayings - this makes it easier to interest the child so that the exercises do not become something unpleasant. The purpose of children's gymnastics is not just to relax the eyes and relieve tension, but also to train the eye muscles while they are still developing.
Goals of children's eye exercises
Eye gymnastics for children is focused more on training the eye muscles, because the future of the child’s vision depends on them. Sets of exercises:
● calm the nervous system;
● help process the information received;
● lighten the load, relieve eye fatigue;
● slow down or completely prevent vision deterioration.
These are the main functions of eye gymnastics for children. With daily exercises recommended by ophthalmologists, the result will be noticeable.
Indications for performing eye exercises for children
In order to choose the right set of exercises for your child yourself, you need to visit a specialist. If there are complaints, this is a must.
● with a tendency to visual impairments: myopia, farsightedness, astigmatism;
● if the child complains of eye fatigue or pain in the forehead (may occur due to eye strain);
● if the child spends a lot of time reading books, watching TV, playing games on the phone or on the computer;
● for vision problems;
● for serious illnesses.
Gymnastics for preschool children
For preschool children, simple, interesting and exciting exercises are provided in order to mostly develop the child’s habit and interest in eye gymnastics.
A lesson in an educational preschool educational institution - a preschool institution - is divided into three stages:
- warm-up,
- main part,
- conclusion.
In kindergarten, a teacher conducts a lesson. Parents can do this at home.
Warm-up begins with the usual movement of the eyes up and down, then from side to side. Then relaxation - close the eyes with your hands and count to five.
The main part includes exercises - more complex combinations of eye movements.
● “Pinocchio” - you need to look at the tip of the nose, then imagine how it grows, and then decreases again. The main condition when performing this exercise: children should not grimace.
● “Faces” - children imagine themselves in the role of animals and imitate them: squinting, making faces, etc.
● “Geometric shapes” - the teacher invites children to draw geometric shapes with their eyes.
At the end of the gymnastics, children from 3 years old draw with their noses - pictures are hung on the board - images of different animals, transport, fruits and objects for preschoolers. Children need to repeat the drawing with their eyes. Gymnastics for the eyes in pictures was created specifically to captivate children with a process beneficial to their health.
Children's gymnastics for the eyes in verse
Poems in children's gymnastics for the eyes can be used both in kindergartens and in lower grades of school. Here are a few rhymes for physical education minutes to warm up tired eyes in kids:
“Your eyes need a rest.”
(Everyone closes their eyes)
"You need to take a deep breath."
(We take a deep breath. Eyes are still closed)
“The eyes will run around.”
(Eyes are open. Turn the pupil in a circle clockwise and counterclockwise)
“They will blink many, many times.”
(We blink our eyes quickly)
“My eyes felt good.”
(Lightly touch your eyes with your fingertips)
“Everyone will see my eyes!”
And this verse gymnastics for the eyes will help children remember the days of the week and help prevent eye diseases:
All week in order,
The eyes are doing exercises.
On Monday. when they wake up,
The eyes will smile at the sun,
Look down at the grass
And back to heights.
(Raise your eyes up; lower them down, head does not move)
On Tuesday the watch-eyes
They look here and there,
They go left, they go right
They will never get tired.
(Turn your eyes to the right, then to the left, the head does not move)
On Wednesday we play blind man's buff,
Close our eyes tightly.
One two three four five,
Let's open our eyes.
We close our eyes and open
So we continue the game.
(Close your eyes tightly, count to five and open your eyes wide)
On Thursdays we look into the distance
There's no time for this,
What's near and what's far
You should look at your eyes.
(Look straight ahead, place your finger at a distance of 25-30 cm from your eyes, turn your gaze to the finger and look at it, lower your hand)
We didn't yawn on Friday
The eyes ran around.
Stop, and again
Run in the other direction.
(We look up, right, down, left and up; and back: left, down, right and up again)
Even though Saturday is a day off,
We are not lazy with you.
We look for corners,
To make the pupils move.
(Look at the upper right corner, then at the lower left; Look at the upper left corner, then at the lower right)
We'll sleep on Sunday
And then we'll go for a walk,
To harden your eyes
You need to breathe air.
(Close your eyes, massage them in a circular motion with your fingertips: the upper eyelid - from the outer to the inner edge, the lower eyelid from the outer to the inner, and vice versa)
Exercises for school-age children
There are other exercises for schoolchildren to improve children's vision and train the muscles of the fundus of the eye. The use of other exercises is associated with increased eye strain.
1. Charging begins with rapid blinking for 10 seconds to relieve eye strain. Then, a minute break and another approach.
2. Next exercise: you need to close your eyes and count to five. You need to do this three times.
3. Put your right hand in front of you. Move it to the left, then in the opposite direction, up, down. The head should not move. The exercise is performed three times.
4. Movement of the eyes in a circle: slowly you need to draw a circle with your eyes to the left - 3 times, then to the right.
5. Completion: close your eyes tightly with your palms, but do not put pressure on them, draw all the numbers from 0 to 9 with your eyes.
Gymnastics for the eyes: Avetisov complex
Avetisov’s technique is also suitable for schoolchildren. This set of eye exercises is used both for prevention and for therapeutic purposes - to restore vision. Avetisov’s technique is based on three groups of exercises:
● to improve blood circulation;
● to strengthen muscles;
● improvement of accommodation.
Please note that each exercise has a different number of repetitions.
The first group is blood circulation:
1. To perform the first exercise, you need to sit down, close your eyes tightly for 5-7 seconds, then open your eyes and relax for a few seconds. And repeat 6-7 more times.
2. Blinking: you need to blink quickly for a minute, then close your eyes and carefully, with tightly clenched fingers, gently press on the eyeball, massaging it. Then the exercise is repeated and the eyes are massaged in a circular motion with the index fingers.
Second group - muscle training
1. Lower your gaze to the floor, then slowly raise your gaze to the ceiling without moving your head, then back to the floor and to the ceiling. It is recommended to perform this exercise 10 times.
2. The second exercise is performed in a similar way: you need to direct your gaze as far as possible to the right, then slowly move it to the left.
3. Diamond: the eyes move along a trajectory from the right to the top, then to the left and down. Ten repetitions, then 10 times in the other direction.
4. In a circle: with your eyes, slowly draw a circle of maximum diameter, first in one direction, then in the other. Five times each.
The third group is adaptation to new conditions
1. Extend your arm forward, raise your index finger up, it should be about 30 cm from your face. Look into the distance for 2-3 seconds, look at your finger for 3-4 seconds. Repeat 12 times.
2. Stand up straight with your index finger directly in front of your face for this exercise. Look at the tip of your finger and slowly move it closer to your face until it becomes difficult to focus. Slowly move it away from your face. The exercise is performed 7 times.
3. To perform this exercise, you need to extend your left arm in front of you, with your index finger looking up. Look at the tip of your finger for 5-6 seconds, then close your right eye with your right hand. Switch hands and perform the exercise, covering your left eye with your palm. Repeat 7-8 times.
4. In order to do this exercise, you need to attach a paper circle with a diameter of up to 5 mm to the window at eye level. To do this, you need to move approximately 30 cm away from the paper circle. Look at the circle for 3-5 seconds, then at any object in the distance outside the window. At first, the exercise takes no more than 5 minutes, then 7. It is recommended to perform it at least three times a day.
Dividing the complex into groups allows you to use exercises for astigmatism and myopia to restore vision.
Video of children's gymnastics for the eyes
A video of children's gymnastics helps to better understand how a child needs to perform exercises, and also allows you to organize independent exercises.
Eye exercises for children using videos take less time and arouse more interest in the child than doing it on their own. This is especially true for preschoolers.
Special videos have been created for the little ones, where, with the help of visual elements, the child’s gaze is directed in the right direction and along certain trajectories in order to train muscles for myopia and farsightedness. Gymnastics for the eyes for astigmatism in children via video will help to quickly improve vision.
Gymnastics for the eyes is definitely worth attention. At an earlier age, it brings greater results and helps prevent or reduce visual impairment in children.