Is gardnerella transmitted? Treatment of gardnerella. Often, self-treatment leads to

A practical guide on what to give your husband for his wedding. Surprise him, make him fall in love with you again, completely and irrevocably!

You got the offer you wanted, hurray! You madly love and adore your future spouse, you want to shout about it to the whole world. Now you’re racking your brain: what to give your husband for his wedding? I want, at all costs, to amaze the groom, and at the same time the invitees, with something incredibly cool and grandiose. But with what? Let's try to figure it out together and find a solution.

Choose an original surprise with your heart

This rule applies not only when choosing a life partner, but also the Best surprise for him. How to choose something that will remain in memory even for a long time?

Advice: come up with your own “trick”!

Take a sheet of paper, divide it in half, write in the first column everything that comes to your mind when thinking about your loved one, and in the second list what exactly he loves. At first, something like “cool, the best, me, pizza, rap, travel” will seem like complete gobbledygook to you.

Cross out general words and definitions, replacing them with specific ones: not “caring”, but “makes me delicious coffee”, instead of “sporty” - “he has beautiful abs.” As a result, you will get a valuable and brief description of the groom.

A gift on such a day is never forgotten

Decide how you will present the surprise. There are two main options: alone or at a banquet. Treat this responsibly.

If your loved one is not delighted with public manifestations of the relationship, posting joint photos and videos on Instagram, kissing on public transport, etc., then it is better to congratulate him one-on-one.

Think about whether you can handle it alone or whether you need help. Don’t take on a large-scale project: you simply won’t have time to shoot or edit a film about dating alone. In addition to preparing a surprise, you will have a wagon and a hundred and four small carts of important things to do, so advice, real help from a friend, mother or any professional is simply necessary.

Important! If you choose a public ceremony, don’t forget to discuss this with the lead organizer, coordinator, manager, or whoever else is helping you with organizing the wedding.

What gift to give to your loved one

Have you leafed through a bunch of magazines, read a lot of women's forums, looked through all the eyes in stores, talked to your friend/his mother/sister until you had a hiccup, but still haven't found a concrete solution - for a wedding?

Don't panic. Exhale, pour a glass of red, take the list, see the point above, and catch ideas. Oh yes, don’t forget to turn on your imagination at full capacity!

A sincere gift from my wife

A sweet, touching, sincere surprise is always cool. What is done from the heart is truly impressive. Therefore, you can always get out of the situation with dignity by giving your loved one a modest but unique gift.

For example:

• the very first joint archival photo, which he thought was lost a long time ago in the vastness of hard drives and memory cards; first insert it into a beautiful frame;
• a family book with a family coat of arms invented by you, where you will write down, for example, your results of the year, keep a diary, or simply make memorable notes;
• a letter to a loved one for the first anniversary of family life - a wooden wedding, with wishes and plans for the future.

Such gifts do not require large expenses, but are guaranteed to remain in the memory of her husband, relatives and her family.

How can a bride impress her groom?

Emotions, emotions and more emotions: choose which ones you want to evoke with your gift first. Adrenaline, joy, surprise or slight shock - what is closer to him?

You can’t do this without the advice of bright-minded friends and a smart wedding specialist; discuss with them:

• flying in a hot air balloon/helicopter/paragliding is cool, exciting, but not cheap, requires careful preparation and is only suitable for extreme sports enthusiasts;
• secretly invited to the wedding by his dear friend from work, study, work, from childhood, whom your husband has not seen for a very long time, but sincerely dreamed about it;
• a poem appropriate to the situation, necessarily memorized and recited to a beautiful melody that is meaningful to you.

Don’t forget to appoint someone responsible who will film the process and the groom’s reaction on video. Not for a post on a social network, but for the story of the birth of her family. She is priceless.

Whatever you may say, you are a couple, you are a couple...

Share the joy of the gift with your husband. After all, as you know, in this case it becomes twice as large. A good idea - various pairs of jewelry, T-shirts, mittens, accessories, but please, not cute ones, but high-quality, interesting ones.

A small trip together to the places of your first dates or to the city where you met will be a very romantic surprise. Tickets for a concert of your favorite band or a similar grand event, a festival, show, etc., a match of your favorite team for a person who is interested in such things will also be an excellent memorable surprise. Plus you will be there for complete happiness.

A valuable do-it-yourself souvenir

The most valuable gift is one made with your own hands. The cool sweater you knitted, the grandiose cake with his initials on it, will remain in your memory forever. Reserve enough time to implement your plans, don’t rush.

Keep in mind that the meaning of the gift will no longer be the same if you place an order from another needlewoman and just pass it on. The whole essence of such a gift is in the warmth, love, efforts that you made with your skillful hands.

TOP best ideas and song for husband for wedding

Instead of reinventing the wheel, you can use existing ideas and add something of your own:

1. A song of your own performance or.
2. Dance solo or with friends.
3. Video about her couple.
4. Photobook.
5. Slideshow of the story of their relationship.
6. Romantic evening in a beautiful place.
7. Book of wish fulfillment with tear-off pages.
8. A certificate for the fulfillment of any of his wishes.
9. The fulfillment of his childhood dream.
10. High-quality personalized or limited accessory.

So as not to be ashamed

There are a number of restrictions regarding gifts in principle. You can and should follow these same rules so as not to get into a terribly awkward situation.

• striptease or belly dancing at a banquet, even if you do it divinely, leave the performance for a private evening, there is no need to spoil relations with future relatives;
• what you can’t do - don’t sing if you don’t have the ear, don’t learn complex steps if you don’t have a sense of music, etc., otherwise you’ll look funny;
• any things related to religion or nationality, weapons - no comment;
• expensive things, jewelry, antiques, this can put the groom or his family in an awkward position;
• something that causes you the slightest doubt means that you doubt it in vain, look for another option.

Useful video on the topic

An original DIY gift for your husband.

Poem for husband's wedding.

Original congratulations from the bride.

Conclusion

Show maximum care and love, be sincere when choosing and preparing a gift for your spouse. Remember that it is impossible to foresee and predict everything.

At any moment, something can go wrong. In this case, don’t get lost, don’t cry under any circumstances, and don’t take your anger out on your helpers. Just smile and look your loved one in the eyes.

Women's health is perhaps the most pressing topic of conversation among the fair sex. Burning, itching in the genital tract, and the appearance of an unpleasant odor cause great discomfort and require urgent medical measures.

There are many reasons for the appearance of such symptoms, but most often they are caused by dysbiotic processes in the vagina and the proliferation of opportunistic microorganisms in it - gardnerella. Thanks to up-to-date medical information and videos in this article, you will learn the symptoms and treatment of gardnerellosis in women.

Gardnerellosis, or bacterial vaginosis, is one of the most common gynecological pathologies. According to statistics, every fifth woman develops it at least once.

This is interesting. The disease was named after the American scientist Herman Gardner, who discovered its causative agent - a bacterium of the species Gardnerella vaginalis - in 1950.

The pathogenesis of infection is based on vaginal dysbiosis. At the same time, the proportion of normal microflora represented by lactobacilli (Dederlein's bacilli) quickly decreases, and active reproduction of UPM (bacteria that are commonly called conditionally pathogenic), including Gardnerella, occurs.

These microorganisms actively attach to epithelial structures, increasing their granularity and promoting destruction. In microbiology, such altered cells are called key cells.

In the photo in the center there is a “key cell” - the main microscopic sign of the disease

Causes

What are the causes of gardnerellosis in women? Since the infection is bacterial in nature, it can be contracted through unprotected sexual contact from a partner. However, it should not be classified as a sexually transmitted disease.

One of the possible routes of transmission of infection is sexual

But more often gardnerellosis develops regardless of sexual contact. According to research, a small number of Gadnerella bacteria are found in the vagina of healthy women.

As long as their quantity does not exceed a critical norm, they cannot cause pathological changes in the body and are considered absolutely safe. If the proportion of beneficial lactobacilli decreases, and these opportunistic microbes occupy dominant positions in the vaginal microflora, the disease develops.

Therefore, the causes of gardnerellosis in women may be as follows:

• decreased immunity (due to unfavorable living conditions, chronic diseases, stress);
• long-term use of high doses of antibiotics;
• natural hormonal changes in the body - pregnancy and lactation, menopause;
• concomitant infections of urinary tract infections and sexually transmitted diseases;
• endocrine pathologies: diabetes mellitus, low thyroid gland;
• failure to comply with personal hygiene rules;
• douching (especially with antiseptic solutions - Chlorhexidine, Miramistin);
• taking certain medications (GCS, antidepressants, drugs based on 9-nonoxynol).

Most often, gardnerellosis develops in women who often change sexual partners and have sex without a condom. In addition, due to the common routes of transmission of infection in this category of patients, the risk of infection with gonorrhea, chlamydia, ureaplasmosis and other sexually transmitted diseases increases significantly.

Clinical manifestations

The incubation period of bacterial vaginosis is short: it does not exceed 5-10 days. The course of the disease is slowly progressive.

Although the infection is not considered dangerous (it does not lead to infertility or other serious complications), it should be treated as early as possible. Gardnerellosis not only causes a woman great discomfort, but can also be transmitted to her sexual partners during sexual contact.

First signs

The first symptoms of gardnerellosis in women immediately attract attention.

These include:

1. Unpleasant “rotten” odor from the genital tract, reminiscent of the stench of rotten fish. At the same time, it intensifies after sex and even after washing (since soap creates an alkaline environment in the vagina), and periods of freshness become shorter and shorter.
2. Discharge– with gardnerellosis in women they are sparse, grayish-white or cream-colored.

If the disease is not treated

The progression of gardenerrelia leads to such unpleasant symptoms as:

• burning, itching or other unpleasant sensations in the perineum;
• pain in the lower abdomen (one of the signs of vaginitis);
• discomfort during sex;
• creamy discharge;
• sometimes – pain when urinating, urine excretion in small portions.

Important! Vaginosis often develops against the background of other diseases of the genitourinary system – candidiasis, trichomoniasis, gonorrhea. In this case, the clinical manifestations of the pathology become erased, which complicates diagnosis.

Diagnostic principles

Before prescribing treatment for gardnerellosis in women, the doctor must conduct a comprehensive assessment of the patient’s condition.

To diagnose the disease, it is enough:

• collect complaints and anamnesis;
• conduct a visual examination of the external genitalia and cervix in the mirrors;
• take a smear on the flora;
• determine vaginal pH;
• test for isonitrile.

A simple smear on the flora plays an important role in diagnosis. Microscopic examination of the obtained biomaterial allows one to identify gardnerella and calculate its quantity.

Tests to determine vaginal pH are also considered valuable (due to alkalization, a sharp increase is observed) and one of the waste products of bacteria - isonitrile (determined in secretions).

Note! It is not advisable to carry out immunological tests and PCR diagnostics for gardnerellosis. What is important is not the presence of the pathogen in the body, but the increase in its quantity.

Treatment approaches

How to treat gardnerellosis in women? First of all, the factors that provoke the development of the disease should be eliminated.

Standard instructions for patients include:

1. Refusal of unreasonable and uncontrolled use of antimicrobial drugs.
2. Sex with a regular sexual partner, excluding casual relationships.
3. Using condoms.
4. Taking oral contraceptives and other hormonal drugs only after consulting a doctor.
5. Avoid douching.
6. Healthy and varied diet: avoiding fatty, fried, overly salty and spicy foods. Eating enough fruits, vegetables and dairy products (help restore the lactobacilli population).

Note! For bacterial vaginosis, it is contraindicated to use spermicides, as well as condoms and vaginal rings treated with 9-nonoxynol, since this substance alkalizes the environment and provokes the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria.

The first stage of drug therapy

After eliminating the external causes, the specialist begins to destroy the infectious agent. Antibiotic therapy is carried out. Since the selection of the drug is carried out individually, based on many factors, it is important that it is prescribed by a doctor. How is gardnerellosis usually treated in women?

Standard therapeutic regimens involve the use of one of the powerful antimicrobial agents:

• Metronidazole– 0.5 g × 2 times a day (7 days) or 2 g once;
• Ornisadola– 0.5 g × 2 times a day (5 days);
• Clindamycin–0.3 g × 2 times a day (3 days);
• Wilprafen– 0.5 × 3 times a day (7 days).

Important! During therapy you should avoid drinking strong drinks.

In addition to taking tablet forms of antibiotics, local therapy is possible. Most often, vaginal creams, gels and suppositories are prescribed for gardnerellosis in women.

Among the drugs of choice:

• Clindamycin (cream, 2%);
• Metronidazole (gel, 0.75%);
• Dalacin (cream, 2%);
• Flagyl (vaginal suppositories).

In rare cases, specialists settle on exclusively local treatment, but its effectiveness is significantly lower compared to systemic antibiotic therapy.

For several decades, Metronidazole for gardnerellosis in women remains one of the most popular medications. This antibiotic has a broad profile of action and is active against most bacteria, Trichomonas, and protozoa. Contraindicated in case of individual intolerance, leukopenia, central nervous system diseases, liver damage, pregnancy.

Ornidazole is also often prescribed to patients: for gardnerellosis in women, it quickly destroys pathogenic microorganisms and has virtually no side effects. It is not advisable to take it during the first trimester of pregnancy, with decompensated liver and kidney diseases, or individual intolerance.

If bacterial vaginosis is combined with candidiasis (thrush), the use of combined antimicrobial and antifungal drugs is indicated:

• Terzhinan;
• Klion-D;
• Neo-Penotran.

Important! After completing a course of antibiotic therapy, it is necessary to take a vaginal smear again to monitor treatment.

Second stage of drug therapy

The treatment regimen for bacterial vaginosis necessarily includes the administration of probiotics. These products help restore normal microflora and fight opportunistic bacteria. Popular drugs for the treatment of gardnerellosis in women are presented in the table below.

Table: Probiotics in the treatment of gardnerellosis:

Name, manufacturer	Mode of application	A course of treatment	average price
	1 capsule × 1p/d	10 days	Capsules 180 mg, 15 pcs. – 660 rub.
	2-3 doses × 2 times a day. Dilute the powder in 5 ml of boiled water, use intravaginally	7-10 days	Lyophilization 2 billion CFU/dose, 10 pcs. – 170 rub.
	1 sup. × 1 day (overnight)	5-10 days	Vaginal suppositories, 10 pcs. – 120 rub.

Note! The drug Vaginorm-S (vaginal tablets) does not contain strains of beneficial bacteria, but helps improve the vaginal microflora. Due to the content of ascorbic acid, it reduces the pH to normal values ​​and creates optimal conditions for the reproduction of Dederlein sticks.

Traditional medicine recipes

As an auxiliary therapy for the disease, products based on medicinal plants and natural adaptogens are widely used. However, remember that treatment of gardnerellosis in women with folk remedies is possible only in the absence of concomitant sexually transmitted infections, as well as signs of inflammation of the uterus, fallopian tubes and ovaries.

Important! Alternative medicine, like any medicine, has its contraindications. Be sure to consult your doctor before starting therapy.

Sitz baths made from oak bark decoction

Ingredients:

• oak bark – 250 g;
• water – 0.75 l.

Pour the prepared raw materials with cool water and leave for 3-4 hours. Then boil the liquid for 15 minutes, cool to a comfortable temperature and strain. Pour into a shallow bowl and use for sitz baths before bed. Duration of treatment is 10-14 days.

Medicinal mixture for preparing sitz baths

Ingredients:

• juniper berries;
• Oak bark;
• chamomile flowers;
• walnut leaves;
• oat straws.

Pour 200 g of the crushed mixture, made up of ingredients taken in equal proportions, with a liter of boiling water. Leave for 45 minutes covered. Strain and pour into a sitz bath basin.

Tampons with aloe juice

Take 5-10 ml of aloe juice (preferably the plant is more than three years old) and soak a small cotton swab with it. Insert the tampon into the vagina and leave for 7-8 hours (preferably overnight). Course – 7 days.

Gardnerellosis is one of the common “female” diseases. Discomfort in the vagina and perineum, as well as foul-smelling discharge, are the first to indicate dysbacteriosis of the vaginal microflora and require timely treatment.

Having successfully completed two-stage therapy, a woman will get rid of unpleasant symptoms, feeling comfortable and confident.

Questions for the doctor

Gardnerellosis during pregnancy

Irina, 23 years old: I’m pregnant, 27 weeks. At the last examination, I complained to the doctor that unusual white discharge had appeared, I took a smear, and they found such a “surprise” - gardnerella. Tell me, is this disease dangerous for the baby, and how is it treated?

Hello! Gardnerellosis often develops in expectant mothers. This is due to both powerful hormonal changes in the body and a possible decrease in immunity during pregnancy.

The theoretical danger of the disease is the suppression of the growth of normal vaginal microflora - Dederlein rods, and alkalization of the acidic environment, which is a natural protective barrier in the genital tract. In other words, with gardnerellosis, favorable conditions are created for the proliferation of other pathogenic bacteria (for example, ureaplasma, mycoplasma).

Therefore, it is imperative to treat the disease. During pregnancy, the treatment regimen usually includes the prescription of a local antibiotic (for example, Terzhinan or Dalacin) and probiotic drugs. Be healthy!

Treatment of combined genitourinary infections

Nina, 27 years old: I recently went to the gynecologist to get tested. I was diagnosed with gardnerella and ureaplasma. Is it dangerous? How are these diseases treated?

Hello! Gardnerellosis and ureaplasmosis are among the most common infections among sexually active women. The detection of these pathogens in itself is not considered a problem (they are detected in 50-60% of all representatives of the fair sex). Therapy should only be started if:

• a woman complains of discomfort, pain, discharge from the genital tract;
• the doctor diagnosed objective signs of vaginitis, urethritis, endocervicitis;
• there are signs of inflammation based on the results of a vaginal smear;
• titers of microorganisms exceed permissible values.

The treatment regimen for gardnerellosis and ureaplasmosis in women usually involves the appointment of Doxycycline, macrolides (Azithromycin, Josamycin) or fluoroquinolones (Ofloxacin, Levofloxacin). It is also important to strengthen the immune system and restore normal vaginal microflora with the help of probiotics.

Gardnerellosis in men

Valentina, 24 years old: I was diagnosed with bacterial vaginosis, now I take antibiotics. Does my husband need to be examined and treated? The gynecologist said nothing about this.

Hello! For a long time, gardnerellosis was considered an exclusively female disease and was even called “vaginal dysbiosis.” And today in the scientific literature it is noted that the bacterium Gardnerella vaginalis practically does not take root in the male body, maintaining its viability from several hours to several days.

However, in approximately 10% of cases (usually against the background of concomitant infections of the genitourinary system), gardnerellosis can develop in representatives of the stronger half of humanity. Usually the disease manifests itself in the form of urethritis and is accompanied by cutting pain when urinating and light discharge from the urethra.

Therefore, your sexual partner should be treated only if he has complaints. To completely eliminate the risk of re-infection with Gardnerella, avoid sexual intercourse for the entire period of taking antibiotics.

Gardnerellosis- what kind of disease is this and how dangerous is it? First of all, it should be noted that gardnerellosis is a gynecological disease that is sexually transmitted and can be found even more often than, for example, or.

As a rule, people who are promiscuous and have casual relationships most often become ill. And the consequences can be very unpleasant. In women, the disease can even lead to infertility. In men, the disease is not so pronounced and passes in most cases without symptoms, but it is also fraught with complications - up to inflammation of the urethra and the same infertility.

Thus, gardnerellosis is a disease that needs to be taken seriously. And at the first signs, immediately consult a doctor. We hope the answer to the question “gardnerellosis - what is it?” You received. Now let's look at the causes of the disease, symptoms and treatment methods.

Causes

Gardnerellosis is caused by the bacterium Gardnerella vaginalis. Once the bacterium enters a woman’s body and begins to actively develop in it, it leads to vaginal dysbacteriosis.

There may be several reasons for gardnerellosis: as we have already said, these include disordered sexual intercourse, a weakened immune system, and non-compliance with personal hygiene rules. Also, vaginal dysbiosis is promoted by changes in hormonal levels that occur after abortion, pregnancy, childbirth, climate change and even poor quality food.

In men, there is only one reason for the appearance of gardnerellosis - sexual infection from a partner. Once in a man's body, Gardnerella vaginalis can lead to inflammation of the urethra and subsequent complications. Up to prostatitis.

Signs and symptoms of gardnerellosis

In women, the symptoms of gardnerellosis are expressed, first of all, by abundant, which have a smell reminiscent of rotten fish. Also, discharge from gardnerellosis is characterized by uniformity, wateriness and color: it can be yellow or white-gray.

Approximately half of women with gardnerellosis experience an inflammatory process of the vagina, or, as it is called, vaginitis. It is characterized by itching and burning. or just getting stronger.

In men, signs of gardnerellosis can also include burning, itching and pain when urinating.

Treatment and prevention

Treatment of gardnerellosis can be quick and quite effective, provided that the disease is not advanced and has not taken a chronic form. How to treat gardnerellosis? Before answering this question, it is necessary to understand that the treatment of the disease is divided into two stages, and each of them is inseparable from the other. First you need to stop the proliferation of harmful bacteria, this is achieved through the use of antibacterial drugs. The course of treatment lasts 7-10 days.

The next stage is the restoration of normal vaginal microflora by colonizing it with lactobacilli.
In any case, how to treat gardnerellosis should be determined by an experienced specialist and prescribed a course of treatment. Therefore, we will not dwell on the drugs used to eliminate the symptoms of gardnerellosis - self-medication is fraught with various complications. We only note that both partners must undergo treatment to avoid re-infection. Treatment for gardnerellosis should only be prescribed by a doctor based on each specific case.

And a little more about such a concept as the prevention of gardnerellosis. The recommendations here are quite simple: avoid promiscuity, have a normal diet, and maintain personal hygiene.

Gardnerellosis is an infectious disease of the female genital organs. It is not considered an STI (sexually transmitted infection). The causative agent of the disease is contained in the vaginal microflora of a healthy woman, but activation of the anaerobic bacterium Gardnerella or Gardnerella vaginalis begins only under certain conditions. Changes in the composition of microflora lead to the development of inflammation in the reproductive system.

Gardnerellosis can be transmitted from woman to man during sexual intercourse. Therefore, the infection is often mistaken for a sexually transmitted disease. The bacterium in a man's genitals rarely causes any symptoms.

The main carrier of Gardnerella is a woman. The disease is not associated with age and regularity of sexual activity. Sometimes the disease develops in little girls, which is caused by internal disorders of the body, and not by external factors.

The disease develops due to changes in the composition of the vaginal microflora. Under certain conditions, the number of pathogenic bacteria begins to prevail over the number of beneficial microorganisms (lactobacillus).

The failure may be the result of:

1. Infections. Gardnerellosis is often combined with gonorrhea, trichomoniasis, and other sexually transmitted infections. A high concentration of pathogenic bacteria leads to inflammation of the mucous membrane and disruption of healthy microflora. Without treatment, this condition can even lead to infertility.
2. Endocrine disease. Diabetes mellitus is often complicated by gardnerellosis. With elevated blood sugar levels, the alkaline balance of the vaginal mucosa is disrupted. This allows pathogenic bacteria to actively multiply.
3. Failure of hormonal status. A woman’s hormonal levels change most during pregnancy, which is why thrush and gardnerellosis are frequent companions when carrying a child. Hormonal levels can also change due to stress or taking medications (antibiotics, birth control). Only a doctor can accurately determine the cause of hormone imbalance.
4. Surgical treatment. Any intervention in the reproductive system can provoke changes in the vaginal microflora.
5. . Frequent use of barrier contraception and methods of local treatment of vaginal inflammation can lead to the development of gardnerellosis. Condoms themselves are only useful, but they contain lubricant, which can affect the vaginal microflora. In particular, lubricant substances act on fungi and gardnerella, causing thrush. A similar effect can be observed after using vaginal suppositories for candidiasis, trichomoniasis and other infectious processes.
6. Severe intoxication. Even ordinary food poisoning without treatment can cause dysbiosis of the vagina and intestines.
7. A sharp decline in immune function. Immunity can be weakened by internal and external factors: diseases of the blood, bones, brain, lungs and other organs, climate change, radiation, medication.
8. Frequent change of sexual partners. Promiscuous sex life is dangerous not only for gardnerellosis, but also for STIs and other serious diseases.

The disease can be transmitted from mother to child. Often, symptoms after birth occur in girls, although, as a rule, a similar diagnosis is not given to newborns. If the mother has an infection, doctors may give the baby preventative therapy to prevent symptoms.

Symptoms

Mild changes in the vaginal microflora are usually asymptomatic. A woman may not even notice minor signs of infection.

Gardnerellosis can be acute and chronic. Initially, there is a chronic form in which there are no symptoms. Acute can develop over time and will be accompanied by itching, burning, pain during sex.

Sometimes with gardnerellosis, the volume of vaginal discharge increases. They take on a different color and smell, and their consistency may change. These symptoms are also not able to directly indicate the activity of gardnerella, as they are also observed with candidiasis, gonorrhea, and chlamydia.

An indicator of infection is almost always the smell of discharge. If it becomes unpleasant and does not wash off even after water procedures, we can talk about the presence of an infection of the reproductive system. Only a doctor can determine the exact cause of the changes based on test results.

General symptoms of gardnerellosis in women:

• an abundance of grayish and yellowish discharge that has a creamy consistency and sticks to the walls of the vagina;
• visible inflammation of the vagina;
• a putrid odor similar to fish (appears due to the breakdown of amines when exposed to anaerobic bacteria);
• itching, irritation, burning, discomfort or pain during sex.

Symptoms in men

In a man, when infected with these bacteria, symptoms rarely appear, since by their specificity gardnerella affects the squamous epithelium located in the vagina. In men, the epithelium is located in the urethra, where there are no suitable conditions for bacterial activity. Gardnerellosis in men can be suspected only by the unpleasant odor of the foreskin and glans penis. The disease does not pose a serious threat to health.

Diagnosis of the disease

To confirm gardnerellosis, a comprehensive examination is required. An examination in a gynecological chair is mandatory. It allows you to identify concomitant pathologies of the reproductive system.

During the examination, the gynecologist takes secretions from the vagina (smear), which is sent for analysis to the laboratory. The results of the study provide an accurate picture of the nature of the disease. A smear is considered the simplest and most accurate method of laboratory diagnosis of gardnerellosis.

Sometimes complex tests are still required. The main one is . Method for determining pathogens: chlamydia, gonococci, trichomonas, gardnerella. Their activity leads to disruption of the vaginal microflora and a high concentration of pathogenic bacteria.

You also need to establish the pH level of the vagina: with an increase in the concentration of gardnerella and other pathogenic bacteria, the pH increases, the vaginal environment becomes alkaline. The last stage of diagnosis is testing for isonitrile, which is secreted by a large accumulation of gardnerella.

Three proofs of the disease after diagnosis:

• the presence of pathological elements (anaerobic bacteria) on the squamous epithelium;
• alkaline vaginal environment;
• an increase in the volume of homogeneous vaginal discharge, the appearance of a rotten odor.

Treatment of gardnerellosis

First, the doctor must accurately determine the cause of the disease. When affected by a sexually transmitted disease, antibiotics, vaginal suppositories and tablets are prescribed. When treating Gardnerella, clindamycin, metronidazole and similar antibiotics are used, which are active against various bacteria.

Stages of treatment

1. Suppression of the growth of bacteria that belong to the opportunistic flora. Antibiotic therapy is prescribed to stop the progression of the disease. They often need to be applied topically using gels and suppositories. Sometimes doctors prescribe drugs in tablets. The course of antibiotics should last 7-10 days and should not be stopped early, even if the symptoms have disappeared.
2. Colonization of the vaginal microflora with beneficial microorganisms. The second stage is more difficult and longer than the first. Products with lactic acid bacteria are prescribed. Vaginal suppositories (acylact, lactonorm, lactobacterin) or preparations with lactobacilli for oral administration (lactonorm-plus, lactobacterin) are prescribed.

When treating gardnerellosis, the second stage will be completely ineffective without the first, so the order is important.

Dosage of drugs

• Metronidazole, Metrogyl, Klion-d 100, Flagyl (0.75% gel) are administered directly into the vagina twice a day for five days;
• dalacin, clindamycin (cream 2%) is inserted into the vagina before bedtime;
• Metronidazole, Medazole, Efloran, Klion, Trichopolum, Flagyl (500 mg tablets) take twice a day for a weekly course;
• dalacin, clindamycin, climycin (300 mg tablets) take twice a day for a week.

During treatment for gardnerellosis, you should either abstain from sexual activity or use barrier contraception.

During this period, it is also worth limiting spicy and fatty foods, alcohol, and spices in your diet. Products with lactic acid bacteria will help to consolidate the result: homemade kefir, biokefir, starter cultures, bifidoyogurts.

Sometimes the course of treatment for gardnerellosis includes drugs for general strengthening, immunotherapy and physiotherapy. Often, along with the treatment of gardnerellosis, intestinal dysbiosis is treated. For this purpose, medications with prebiotics are prescribed (normoflorin, linex, bifidumbacterin).

If the disease develops against the background of a sudden weakening of the immune system, it is worth including drugs to correct immunodeficiency in the course of treatment. Among the immunomodulatory agents, biomax and vitrum can be distinguished; natural remedies also help: echinacea and lemongrass.

A week after the end of treatment, the doctor should evaluate the effectiveness. The final examination is carried out after 1-1.5 months. With a good result, the composition of the vaginal microflora returns to normal, symptoms and discomfort disappear.

Douching for gardnerellosis

A common mistake women make when symptoms of the disease appear is douching. If an unpleasant odor occurs, it is logical to assume that the cause is a lack of hygiene, but in the case of gardnerellosis, this treatment method can only aggravate the course of the disease.

Modern medicine considers douching useless. The procedure has no hygienic, therapeutic or even preventive value. With gardnerellosis, douching can lead to an early complication of the appendages, and during conception, increase the chances of an ectopic pregnancy.

Gardnerellosis in pregnant women

Pregnancy leads to an exacerbation of gardnerellosis, as hormonal levels change greatly. To prevent the child from becoming infected and developing complications, the mother needs to seek help in a timely manner.

Possible consequences of gardnerellosis in a pregnant woman:

• uterine bleeding;
• infection of the fetus with complications;
• postpartum endometritis;
• premature rupture of the membranes during childbirth;
• chronic inflammation of the genitourinary system, combined with constant relapses;
• pathologies due to cesarean section, operations on the pelvic organs;
• child pneumonia;
• lack of weight in a newborn.

Therapy for gardnerellosis in pregnant women comes down to observation by a gynecologist and treatment with antibiotics. Self-medication in this case is dangerous for the life of both mother and child. Clindamycin is contraindicated while pregnant. In the first trimester, metronidazole is not prescribed for the treatment of gardnerellosis. In case of exacerbation, ampicillin is recommended, and in the second and third trimester, metronidazole.

Prevention

The main recommendation of gynecologists for any infection of the reproductive system is to stop promiscuity. Relationships with unfamiliar partners can result not only in gardnerellosis, but also in more dangerous diseases.

It is highly recommended to pay attention to all unusual symptoms and promptly diagnose and treat diseases of the reproductive and endocrine systems. To strengthen the entire body, it will be useful to have a balanced diet, proper rest and sleep, and the absence of stress and other factors that can affect the immune system.

You need to visit a gynecologist twice a year even in the absence of any symptoms; many diseases of the reproductive system do not manifest themselves.

Complications

Advanced gardnerellosis can provoke the spread of inflammation in the genitourinary system, complicating the uterus and appendages. Sometimes the disease leads to infertility, difficult childbirth and postpartum complications.

If a woman has an intrauterine device, gardnerellosis can develop into endometritis and inflammation of the appendages. In men, the disease almost never manifests itself. Sometimes its symptoms resemble, it causes prostatitis and inflammation in the testicles and appendages.

In our body there are a huge number of not only harmful, but also beneficial bacteria. They live everywhere: on the surface of the skin, in the intestines, on the mucous membranes and in the vagina. Thus, almost every organ has its own individual microflora, which ensures its normal functioning. The beneficial bacteria that live in the vagina allow it to fight various infections. But quite often the delicate balance of microflora is disrupted, resulting in more harmful microbes, the most common of which are Gardnerella. This leads to the development of the disease of the same name, which causes harm to the body and requires treatment.

Definition of gardnerellosis in women

Gardnerellosis, or bacterial vaginosis, is a pathological condition in which the gardnerella microorganism predominates in the vagina. It is a tiny bacterium that under normal conditions also lives in the human body along with many others. It is believed that in a healthy woman, acidifying lactobacilli predominate in the vagina, which creates an optimal environment. If this ratio is violated, gardnerellosis occurs with all the accompanying symptoms.

The predominance of Gardnerella in the vaginal microflora is called bacterial vaginosis

The disease occurs in both women of all ages and men. Representatives of the stronger sex suffer from the disease much less frequently, since they have a smaller volume of mucous membrane compared to girls.

What number of microorganisms in a smear is considered normal?

If the number of Gardnerella exceeds the permissible values, the patient begins to develop the main symptoms of the disease. Under normal conditions, this bacterium can also be detected in tests. The following indicators are important for diagnosis:

• 10 5 –10 6 microorganisms in a smear of a healthy woman is considered normal;
• 10 7 –10 9 - indicates persistent infection;
• 10 4 microorganisms in a smear during pregnancy is a cause for concern.

Can gardnerella be in the mouth?

If the disease exists in the body for a long enough time (six months or more), the bacteria gradually spread through the bloodstream and migrate into the oral cavity. Infection can also occur through unprotected oral sex. Gardnerella settles on the oral mucosa and begins to actively grow and multiply, accumulating in the area of ​​the tonsils and pharynx. This often ends with the development of inflammatory processes (stomatitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis).

Gardnerellosis of the oral cavity is accompanied by the formation of plaque on the mucous membrane

Table: difference between gardnerellosis and thrush

Comparative feature	Gardnerellosis	Thrush
The type of microorganism that causes the disease	Bacterium
What does discharge look like?	Greenish-brown, cloudy	White, yellowish
Existing specific odor	Spoiled fish or rotten meat, pungent	Sourish, curdish, barely perceptible
Number of allocations	Up to 250 milliliters per day	50–200 milliliters
Increased symptoms after sexual intercourse	Expressed	Virtually absent
Damage to other organs and systems	Very rare	Oral cavity, gastrointestinal tract

Existing varieties of the disease

Classification of the disease according to the course of the pathological process:

• acute (occurs when a large dose of the pathogen enters the body through sexual contact, symptoms increase over 2–3 days);
• subacute (forms in one and a half to two weeks);
• chronic (exists for six months);
• recurrent (phases of exacerbation followed by remission).

Varieties of the disease according to the nature of the discharge:

• serous form - the yellow tint of the discharge predominates;
• purulent - predominantly green color of the secretion;
• fibrinous - there are bloody streaks in the discharge.

Classification of the disease according to the presence of secondary infection:

• isolated gardnerellosis;
• combination with:
  • chlamydia;
  • syphilis;
  • trichomoniasis;
  • gonorrhea;
  • candidiasis.

Why does gardnerellosis occur?

For such a disease to develop, not only the presence of bacteria is necessary, but also some active factors. Most often these include:

• frequent change of sexual partners;
• uncontrolled use of antibacterial drugs;
• daily douching;
• using regular soap as an intimate hygiene product;
• visiting public places such as baths, saunas, swimming pools, gyms;
• neuro-emotional shocks;
• wearing tight underwear made of synthetic fabrics;
• work in conditions of high temperature and humidity;
• infectious diseases;
• pathologies of the immune system (HIV, primary bone marrow damage).

Ways of transmission of the disease

The disease can occur in a completely healthy woman when the normal microflora of the vagina is disrupted, even if she has not had unprotected sexual intercourse. However, the leading route of infection remains sexual (oral, anal and vaginal penetration have the same risk of infection). Gardnerellosis can also be transmitted by wearing shared underwear or using insufficiently treated sex toys.

Length of incubation period

On average, clinical symptoms of the disease begin to appear 2–14 days after infection. Their intensity depends on the patient’s age, her state of health and the presence of other sexually transmitted diseases.

In elderly people, in 80% of cases the disease is practically asymptomatic, which is associated with slower metabolic processes.

Video: the doctor talks about the peculiarities of the disease

Main symptomatic signs of pathology

Bacterial vaginosis is characterized by a predominance of local manifestations over general ones. The disease progresses extremely slowly, and an increase in symptoms is observed after a viral infection (ARI, cold), stress, physical activity or sexual activity.

Main symptoms of the disease:

1. Pain in the pelvic area. It has a weak aching character, the intensity increases with urination. During menstruation, the unpleasant sensations intensify several times, becoming constricting and cramping.
2. Pathological discharge. They have an unpleasant odor that can be felt several meters away, as well as a yellow, brown or green color. The discharge is quite difficult to wash off from clothes and can overfill your panty liner.
3. Swelling of soft tissues. The labia minora and clitoris swell, become extremely sensitive and sharply painful. After some time, in the absence of wiping and the use of absorbent wipes, a dark coating appears on them, which is easily cleaned off.
4. Itching and burning when urinating indicate the penetration of bacteria into the urethra and bladder. This symptom occurs in the later stages of the development of the disease.

Gardnerellosis and childbearing

With a long-standing disease, the likelihood of becoming pregnant decreases every year. If conception does occur, the expectant mother faces a huge risk of infection of the baby: bacteria enter the fetus’s body through the baby’s place. There is a high probability of infection during childbirth.

Symptoms of the disease intensify during pregnancy: the woman experiences unbearable itching and burning, and the amount of discharge increases to 300–350 milliliters per day. Often, during a night's sleep, the victim injures the mucous membrane of the external genitalia with her nails, which ends with the addition of a secondary infection.

I had the opportunity to participate in the delivery of a woman who had suffered from gardnerellosis for a long time. She was unable to cure the disease before pregnancy, as a result of which the baby was also confirmed to have this infection. The child was born much prematurely, as a result of which he could not breathe on his own. Doctors decided to nurse the baby in intensive care. After a few months he began to recover, but in the future such an infection causes a serious lag in physical and neuropsychic development from his peers.

How is the disease diagnosed?

The external manifestations of gardnerellosis have similar symptoms to many other pathologies that are sexually transmitted. This makes making a diagnosis much more difficult. Bacterial vaginosis must be differentiated from:

• trichomoniasis;
• candidiasis;
• chlamydia;
• ureaplasmosis;
• mycoplasmosis;
• gonorrhea.

Remember that before visiting a gynecologist and taking a smear, you should not douche the vagina with antiseptic solutions. During my time working in a medical laboratory, I more than once had to deal with the fact that women themselves washed off all the pathogenic microflora; as a result, the study had to be redone again. If you want to get a reliable result, it is recommended to postpone hygiene measures for some time. This is the only way to identify the disease at an early stage.

Methods to confirm the diagnosis:

Leading methods of treatment of gardnerellosis in women

Treatment of bacterial vaginosis is based on normalizing the vaginal microflora. For this, doctors use not only pharmaceuticals, but also a special diet. And also during the recovery period, it is permissible to use various physiological procedures that help strengthen the immune system. In most cases, treatment is mandatory for the disease. Episodes of self-relief of the disease without drug intervention are extremely rare (mainly in young patients).

A woman's sexual partner requires therapy only if he also has elevated gardnerella levels. To do this, a man needs to undergo special tests from a urologist (smear from the urethra).

Video: doctor’s opinion on the need for therapy

Treatment of illness with pharmaceuticals

Drug therapy for gardnerellosis includes the use of both local and general medications. The former can be used in the form of suppositories and douching solutions, as well as in the form of ointments and gels. The latter are represented by tablets, capsules and injections for intramuscular or intravenous administration. The duration of therapy and the choice of drugs is determined by the gynecologist. Self-treatment can lead to aggravation of existing problems in the body.

Gardnerella is sensitive to antimicrobial agents. That is why they are the first group of drugs that help cope with the disease.

Local medications used to combat the disease:

1. Antibiotic suppositories help prevent the growth of gardnerella and its further development in the body. The most commonly used drugs are:
   • Metronidazole;
   • Clindamycin;
   • Acylact;
   • Iodoxide;
   • Hexicon.
2. Antifungal ointments and suppositories prevent the development of fungal microflora and prevent thrush from forming. For this purpose use:
   • Nystatin;
   • Pimafucin;
   • Levorin;
   • Fluconazole;
   • Flucostat.
3. Suppositories containing a large number of lactobacilli help normalize the internal environment of the vagina. The most famous drugs:
   • Lactobacterin;
   • Vaginorm-S;
   • Vagilak;
   • Lactozhinal.
4. Antiseptic rinses help remove harmful microflora. For this purpose, dilute solutions of Miramistin, Chlorhexidine, Furacilin are used.

Photo gallery: drugs for local therapy for gardnerellosis

Polygynax - suppositories with an antibiotic that affects gardnerella Clotrimazole helps prevent thrush Lactonorm promotes the growth of lactobacilli Miramistin creates conditions for the death of harmful bacteria

Systemic drugs

Medicines for systemic treatment of the disease:

1. Antibiotics in tablets and capsules are used when local therapy does not bring the expected effect. The most common drugs:
   • Azithromycin;
   • Ornidazole;
   • Dalatsin;
   • Unidox Solutab.
2. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs help get rid of itching and burning, and also reduce the severity of discomfort in the pelvic area. For this purpose use:
   • Diclofenac Sodium;
   • Indomethacin;
   • Ibuprofen;
   • Pyroxyfer;
   • Ortofen;
   • Rodanol;
   • Celecoxib;
   • Rofecoxib;
   • Viox;
   • Celebrex;
3. Immunostimulants improve the recovery processes occurring in the body, promoting the formation of new cells. The most famous medications in this group:
   • Viferon;
   • Wobenzym;
   • Amiksin;
   • Polyoxidonium;
   • Tsitovir.

Photo gallery: drugs for systemic therapy of gardnerellosis

Doxycycline is an antibiotic that causes the death of gardnerella Meloxicam relieves inflammation Immunal helps strengthen the immune system

Traditional medicine as an aid

Quite often, patients do not have the opportunity to see a doctor immediately (business trip, vacation), or the doctor’s appointment is scheduled a few days later, but the discomfort continues to overcome. In these cases, the use of traditional medicine is acceptable. Various douches and tampons will help get rid of the main manifestations of the disease and make the wait easier. Remember that such treatment will not completely solve the problem, since pharmaceuticals are required to restore normal microflora.

I happened to encounter a patient who completely abandoned traditional therapy, preferring to use herbs and plants to eliminate bacterial vaginosis. Regular douching with high-dose solutions led to the fact that the patient not only did not cure gardnerella, but also acquired a serious chemical burn of the vaginal mucosa. The victim was taken by ambulance to the gynecology department, where she underwent reconstructive plastic surgery. Unfortunately, as a result of this procedure, the woman has lost sensitivity and has problems with sex life.

The most popular folk recipes:

Table: physiotherapy in the treatment of the disease

Name of the technique	How is the procedure performed?	Main effects
Radon baths	Immersion of the patient waist-deep in water enriched with this chemical element	Causes the death of most pathogenic microorganisms without causing damage to normal microflora
	Targeted impact of tiny impulses on specific areas of the body	Helps accelerate recovery and regeneration processes in the human body
Medicinal electrophoresis with anti-inflammatory drugs	Introduction of medications into the body using current	Faster and more efficient administration of the substance and its distribution in soft tissues
Inductothermy	Application of magnetic fields of different intensities	Reducing discomfort, preventing the formation of adhesions

Photo gallery: physiotherapy in gynecology

Radon baths cause the death of pathogenic microbes Electrical stimulation accelerates the formation of new cells Drug electrophoresis is used to administer anti-inflammatory and antibacterial agents

Changes in diet and lifestyle for gardnerellosis

To restore normal vaginal microflora, doctors recommend that women follow a certain diet. To do this, you must adhere to the following rules:

• consume only fresh and natural products without chemical additives (you can buy them at the market or from private sellers);
• Be sure to have breakfast, lunch and dinner. There should also be two snacks so that the breaks between meals do not last longer than three hours;
• drink up to one and a half liters of clean water daily;
• stop drinking alcohol;
• bake, stew or boil food so that it retains vitamins;
• do not eat sweets, as they contain a lot of fast carbohydrates and sugars, which create an optimal environment for the growth of bacteria;
• reduce the amount of salt to 5 grams per day.

What foods should you include in your diet:

Rules for women during the treatment period

During treatment for gardnerellosis, you will have to slightly change your usual lifestyle and give up some habits until complete recovery. Don't forget that following these rules will help you achieve positive results in just a few weeks. What is not recommended to do with bacterial vaginosis:

• perform epilation of the bikini and perineum - these procedures are stressful for the body;
• visit baths, saunas, lie for a long time in a hot bath or jacuzzi;
• have sex - there is a risk of infecting your partner;
• take antibacterial drugs on your own;
• wear shapewear;
• swim in open reservoirs and pools.

Treatment prognosis and possible unpleasant consequences

Therapy for gardnerellosis is an extremely complex and lengthy process. It often takes a lot of time to restore normal microflora, and some women quit treatment before even halfway through it. Remember that rehabilitation after such an illness proceeds much more slowly with the following ailments:

• diabetes;
• hypertension;
• phlebeurysm.

In teenage girls and young people, gardnerellosis goes away with virtually no visible consequences if therapy is started in a timely manner. In older women and the elderly population, due to slow metabolic processes, rehabilitation lasts up to several years.

The disease is prone to recurrence. Cure does not guarantee that in a couple of months or years you will not have gardnerellosis again.

Compliance with the rules of personal hygiene plays a special role in restoring normal vaginal microflora. During treatment, it is extremely important that you have the opportunity to clean your perineum and change pads every few hours. I had the opportunity to participate in the treatment of a patient who was in a hot shop for twelve hours at work. She had practically no opportunity to wash herself, and in the hot season, even despite the ventilation, the temperature in the room was high, as a result of which the woman was constantly sweating. Excessive formation of sebum contributed to the appearance of itching and burning, and all the therapy for gardnerellosis was useless. Only after the patient managed to take a vacation for two months and go to a sanatorium did the treatment become effective. Sea water and warm air, combined with pharmaceuticals and hygiene rules, helped the woman forget about her illness.

What complications and negative consequences occur in patients with gardnerellosis:

• problems with conception - altered microflora causes the death of sperm when they do not have time to reach the egg;
• the formation of adhesions - growths of connective tissue in the pelvic cavity, which disrupt the normal attachment of the embryo in the uterus;
• long-term infertility of various types;
• inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs: uterus, tubes, ovaries, bladder and urethra;
• decreased immunity;
• intrauterine infection of the fetus;
• penetration of bacteria into the child’s body during childbirth.

Photo gallery: complications of the disease

Long-term jaundice indicates infection of the newborn Inflammation of the ovaries occurs when microflora penetrates from the vagina The adhesive process is characterized by the proliferation of connective tissue and disrupts the processes of conception and fetal development

How to protect yourself from developing the disease

Treatment of gardnerellosis requires the expenditure of a large amount of effort and money. That is why it is much easier to protect your body from the development of such a disease than to undergo a course of therapy. For this purpose, doctors have developed rules for individual prevention of the disease.

While studying in my fourth year of medical university, I had the opportunity to do an internship for several months in the gynecology department in Serbia. At this time, doctors were just conducting research on the topic of preventing bacterial vaginosis by taking lactobacilli and dairy products. For the study, a group of patients was selected who, throughout their lives during the winter season, had encountered Garnerellosis and its unpleasant consequences. More than half of them had problems with immunity (they often got sick or caught colds). Throughout the fall, doctors recommended that they take certain tablets with a high content of Latobacteria, and the women also added dairy products (cheeses, sour cream, sourdough) to their diet, which they consumed several times every day. As cold weather approached, doctors took the necessary tests from the patients - vaginal smears. In 95% of the studied patients, practically no gardnerella was observed in the material. Another 5% admitted that they did not always strictly follow doctors’ recommendations and drank alcoholic beverages. Thanks to this technique, most of the victims were able to forget about their disease forever.

Rules for individual prevention of gardnerellosis in women:

1. Don't forget to constantly change hygiene products. Panty liners are the source of most harmful microbes that penetrate the vaginal mucosa and begin to actively multiply there. Doctors strongly do not recommend wearing them for more than two to three hours. Absorbent pads should be changed every four hours during menstruation as they cause irritation. Special cups and tampons are also a source of bacteria. That is why they need to be replaced or emptied every two hours, and women prone to thrush are advised to stop using them altogether.
2. Use personal protective equipment with new sexual partners. Condoms are best suited for this purpose: currently they produce both male and female variations. They are made of latex, which not only lubricates and does not injure the vaginal mucosa, but also does not allow various microorganisms to pass through it.
   Male and female condoms protect against the transmission of bacteria
3. Wear underwear that fits properly and only from natural fabrics. Synthetic tight briefs with seams in awkward places can rub the crotch, resulting in the formation of tiny wounds and cracks. During the hot season, this area often sweats, and harmful microorganisms multiply in the skin folds, which subsequently penetrate the vagina, causing disruption of the microflora.
4. Do not take antibacterial drugs without a doctor's prescription. Antimicrobial agents not only help fight pathogens, but also kill beneficial flora. It takes weeks and even months to restore it, so doctors often try to choose more gentle antibiotics with minimal traumatic effect.
5. Rinse the vagina only when necessary. Many women believe that douching is an integral part of daily hygiene. However, the flow of water washes out all beneficial microorganisms, leaving the mucous membrane completely defenseless. Also, such procedures lead to vaginal dryness due to the removal of natural lubrication. Under such conditions, cracks or tiny tears are more likely to appear during sexual intercourse.
6. Don't give up animal products. Meat, fish, eggs, milk, cottage cheese, kefir and various yoghurts are a source of healthy lactobacilli and protein products. When following a vegan or vegetarian diet for a long time, the reserves of nutrients in the body are depleted, as a result of which regeneration processes suffer.
   Dairy products are necessary to maintain optimal microflora